英语翻译Programmable logic controller A programmable logic contr

英语翻译
Programmable logic controller
A programmable logic controller (PLC),or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of industrial processes,such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.Unlike general-purpose computers,the PLC is designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements,extended temperature ranges,immunity to electrical noise,and resistance to vibration and impact.Programs to control machine operation are typically stored in battery-backed or non-volatile memory.A PLC is an example of a real time system since output results must be produced in response to input conditions within a bounded time,otherwise unintended operation will result.
PLC and Programmable Logic Controller are registered trademarks of the Allen-Bradley Company,although they are widely used generically.
Features
The main difference from other computers is that PLC are armored for severe condition (dust,moisture,heat,cold,etc) and have the facility for extensive input/output (I/O) arrangements.These connect the PLC to sensors and actuators.PLCs read limit switches,analog process variables (such as temperature and pressure),and the positions of complex positioning systems.Some even use machine vision.On the actuator side,PLCs operate electric motors,pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders,magnetic relays or solenoids,or analog outputs.The input/output arrangements may be built into a simple PLC,or the PLC may have external I/O modules attached to a computer network that plugs into the PLC.
PLCs were invented as replacements for automated systems that would use hundreds or thousands of relays,cam timers,and drum sequencers.Often,a single PLC can be programmed to replace thousands of relays.Programmable controllers were initially adopted by the automotive manufacturing industry,where software revision replaced the re-wiring of hard-wired control panels when production models changed.
Many of the earliest PLCs expressed all decision making logic in simple ladder logic which appeared similar to electrical schematic diagrams.The electricians were quite able to trace out circuit problems with schematic diagrams using ladder logic.This program notation was chosen to reduce training demands for the existing technicians.Other early PLCs used a form of instruction list programming,based on a stack-based logic solver.
The functionality of the PLC has evolved over the years to include sequential relay control,motion control,process control,distributed control systems and networking.The data handling,storage,processing power and communication capabilities of some modern PLCs are approximately equivalent to desktop computers.PLC-like programming combined with remote I/O hardware,allow a general-purpose desktop computer to overlap some PLCs in certain applications.

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可编程序控制器
1可编程逻辑控制器（ PLC ） ,或可编程序控制器是一个数字化的计算机用于自动化的工业生产过程,如控制机械的工厂装配生产线.不同于一般用途的电脑,临立会是专为多重输入和输出的安排,延长工作温度范围,免疫力电气噪声,抗振动和影响.程式控制机器操作通常存储在备用电池或非挥发性记忆体.PLC的便是一个例子,一个实时系统的输出结果,因为必须出示在回应输入条件,在一个范围内的时间,否则意想不到的行动将导致.
PLC和可编程序控制器是注册商标的艾伦-布拉德利公司,虽然他们被广泛用于一般.
特征
主要区别从其他电脑上是PLC的是装甲严重条件（灰尘,潮湿,热源,冷等） ,并有设施,广泛的输入/输出（ I / O ）的安排.这些连接PLC在传感器和致动器.PLC的阅读限位开关,模拟过程变量（如温度和压力） ,以及立场复杂的定位系统.有的甚至使用机器视觉.对致动器方面,PLC的运作,电机,气动或液压缸,磁继电器或螺线管,或模拟输出.输入/输出的安排,可能建成一个简单的PLC ,或临立会可能有外部I / O模块连接到一个计算机网络,插入的PLC .
PLC的发明替代的自动化系统将使用数百或数千继电器,凸轮定时器,和鼓时序.很多时候,一个单一的可编程控制器可以编程,以取代数以千计的继电器.可编程控制器最初所通过的汽车制造业,软件修订取代了重新布线的硬连线控制面板,当生产模式改变.
很多最早的PLC表示,所有的决策逻辑,在简单逻辑的阶梯,出现类似的电气示意图.该电工是相当能追查出电路的问题与示意图使用阶梯逻辑.这个程式符号选择,以减少培训的要求,对于现有的技术人才.其他早期的PLC使用的一种形式,教学名单编程的基础上,堆栈为基础的逻辑求解.
功能的PLC已多年的发展,包括序贯继电控制,运动控制,分布式控制系统和网络.数据处理,储存,加工能力和通信能力,一些现代的PLC是约相当于台式电脑.PLC的编程一样,结合远程I / O的硬件,让一般用途的台式电脑重叠部分的PLC在某些应用.