英译中 机器的不要DEVELOPMENT OF THE KINETIC PHYSICAL–CHEMICAMODELSin
来源:学生作业帮 编辑:大师作文网作业帮 分类:英语作业 时间:2024/10/01 00:24:27
英译中 机器的不要
DEVELOPMENT OF THE KINETIC PHYSICAL–CHEMICA
MODEL
Single phase:aqueous phase mixed weak acid/base chemistry
Equilibrium chemistry based algorithms for mixed weak acid/base systems are well established (e.g.Loewenthal et al.,1988,1991).However,in developing the integrated model difficulties were encountered with the traditional equilibrium approach in particular in selection of the reference species,simultaneous solution of a number of weak acid/base equilibrium state equations and integration of equilibrium chemistry with kinetic based models (Musvoto et al.,1997,1998).Accordingly,it was decided to develop a new approach based on kinetics to model weak acid/base chemistry.In the kinetic-based modelling approach,H is included explicitly in the model as a compound (in mole units) and the pH is calculated directly from the H+ concentration via pH=log(H )=-log fm[H+ ].Further,all weak acid/base species that significantly influence the pH are included as compounds (in mol),and weak acid/base equilibria are described in terms of the kinetics of the forward and reverse reactions for the dissociation of these weak acid/ weak acid/bases.For example,consider the dissociation for the ammonium/ammonia (NH+4 /NH3)
weak acid/base:
NH4+ ≈H++ NH3 (1)
The rate of the forward reaction is
rf= Kf(NH4+ )= Kf fm [NH4+] = Kf ‘[NH4+],(2)
where rf is the rate of forward reaction; Kf the specific rate constant for the forward reaction; ( ) the activity; fm the monovalent activity coefficient(see Loewenthal et al.,1989); [ ] the molar concentration and Kf’ the apparent specific rate constant for the forward reaction.The rate of the reverse is
rf= Kr(NH3)(H+)=Kr fm[NH3]fm[H+]
= Kr ‘[NH3]fm[H+] (3)
where rr is the rate of reverse reaction; Kr the specific rate constant for the reverse reaction and Kf’ the apparent specific rate constant for the reverse reaction.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE KINETIC PHYSICAL–CHEMICA
MODEL
Single phase:aqueous phase mixed weak acid/base chemistry
Equilibrium chemistry based algorithms for mixed weak acid/base systems are well established (e.g.Loewenthal et al.,1988,1991).However,in developing the integrated model difficulties were encountered with the traditional equilibrium approach in particular in selection of the reference species,simultaneous solution of a number of weak acid/base equilibrium state equations and integration of equilibrium chemistry with kinetic based models (Musvoto et al.,1997,1998).Accordingly,it was decided to develop a new approach based on kinetics to model weak acid/base chemistry.In the kinetic-based modelling approach,H is included explicitly in the model as a compound (in mole units) and the pH is calculated directly from the H+ concentration via pH=log(H )=-log fm[H+ ].Further,all weak acid/base species that significantly influence the pH are included as compounds (in mol),and weak acid/base equilibria are described in terms of the kinetics of the forward and reverse reactions for the dissociation of these weak acid/ weak acid/bases.For example,consider the dissociation for the ammonium/ammonia (NH+4 /NH3)
weak acid/base:
NH4+ ≈H++ NH3 (1)
The rate of the forward reaction is
rf= Kf(NH4+ )= Kf fm [NH4+] = Kf ‘[NH4+],(2)
where rf is the rate of forward reaction; Kf the specific rate constant for the forward reaction; ( ) the activity; fm the monovalent activity coefficient(see Loewenthal et al.,1989); [ ] the molar concentration and Kf’ the apparent specific rate constant for the forward reaction.The rate of the reverse is
rf= Kr(NH3)(H+)=Kr fm[NH3]fm[H+]
= Kr ‘[NH3]fm[H+] (3)
where rr is the rate of reverse reaction; Kr the specific rate constant for the reverse reaction and Kf’ the apparent specific rate constant for the reverse reaction.
反应动力学物理化学的进展
模型
单相:水相混合弱酸性/基础化学
.平衡化学是基于混合弱酸算法/基础系统而建立起来的(如洛文塔尔等.,1988年,1991年) 然而,改进联合模型的困难在于传统平衡算法对特殊参照物的选择,要解开一连串的弱酸/基础平衡设置问题和模型上反应动力学的平衡化学的联合算法.( 穆斯弗托等,1997,1998)
因此,需要一个在弱酸/基础化学模型上的新算法.在反应动力学建模方法下,H被明确列为化合物(摩尔单位),PH则直接设为从H+经过pH=log(H )=-log fm[H+ ].提纯.另外,所有的弱酸/基于核素显著地影响PH,包括化合物(摩尔),及弱酸/按照反应动力学的正向和反向的平衡来离解这些弱酸/弱酸/基础物质…
例如,在计算离解为铵/氨
弱酸性/基:
NH4+ ≈H++ NH3 (1)
The rate of the forward reaction is 率的前瞻性反应
rf= Kf(NH4+ )= Kf fm [NH4+] = Kf ‘[NH4+],(2)
这里rf是着反应的率,Kf是着具体的比速率常数; ( ) 放射性; fm表一价的活跃系数(罗文达等,1989); [ ]表摩尔浓度,Kf表具体比率常数的前瞻性反应:
反向率为
rf= Kr(NH3)(H+)=Kr fm[NH3]fm[H+]
= Kr ‘[NH3]fm[H+] (3)
这里rr表逆反应,Kr表着反应率常数的逆反应,Kf’表明显具体数率的常数的逆反应.
模型
单相:水相混合弱酸性/基础化学
.平衡化学是基于混合弱酸算法/基础系统而建立起来的(如洛文塔尔等.,1988年,1991年) 然而,改进联合模型的困难在于传统平衡算法对特殊参照物的选择,要解开一连串的弱酸/基础平衡设置问题和模型上反应动力学的平衡化学的联合算法.( 穆斯弗托等,1997,1998)
因此,需要一个在弱酸/基础化学模型上的新算法.在反应动力学建模方法下,H被明确列为化合物(摩尔单位),PH则直接设为从H+经过pH=log(H )=-log fm[H+ ].提纯.另外,所有的弱酸/基于核素显著地影响PH,包括化合物(摩尔),及弱酸/按照反应动力学的正向和反向的平衡来离解这些弱酸/弱酸/基础物质…
例如,在计算离解为铵/氨
弱酸性/基:
NH4+ ≈H++ NH3 (1)
The rate of the forward reaction is 率的前瞻性反应
rf= Kf(NH4+ )= Kf fm [NH4+] = Kf ‘[NH4+],(2)
这里rf是着反应的率,Kf是着具体的比速率常数; ( ) 放射性; fm表一价的活跃系数(罗文达等,1989); [ ]表摩尔浓度,Kf表具体比率常数的前瞻性反应:
反向率为
rf= Kr(NH3)(H+)=Kr fm[NH3]fm[H+]
= Kr ‘[NH3]fm[H+] (3)
这里rr表逆反应,Kr表着反应率常数的逆反应,Kf’表明显具体数率的常数的逆反应.
The kinetic theory for conductivity of dilute
development of the economy和economic development的区别
英语翻译——随着科技的发展 注:不要用With the development of格式的
WIth the development of industry的中文翻译
with the development of的中文意思
the development of pragmatics
kinetic energy of rotation
英语翻译A.The Physical resourcesAn overview of the physical reso
英译中,不要机器译I think the leaders of the demonstrations are charg
英译中,不要机器翻的,
the development of our university
the help/development of.造句,