英语翻译BackgroundServices research has evolved in terms of its

英语翻译
Background
Services research has evolved in terms of its focus on particular lines of service industry.Early
treatises such as Greenfield (1966) and Fuchs (1968) were focused as much on the functional
definition of what had been previously been regarded as the undivided category of ‘services’
or tertiary activity,as opposed to primary and secondary industry.Noyelle and Stanback
(1983) provided an extended functional classification of services,identifying the category of
consumer services as well as producer services.Their work pinpointed the growing role of producer
services in the development of American cities.Many others have given considerable
emphasis to research on the rapidly growing producer services,exploring issues of interregional
or international trade in these services,development of competitive advantage,bases for
location,and many other factors (Beyers & Alvine,1985; Daniels,1985; Lindahl & Beyers,
1999; Rubalcaba-Bermejo,1999).However,there has been relatively little research focused
on some lines of services,including those associated with recreation,sports,and the arts.
Early work on the economics of artistic services was undertaken by Baumol and Bowen
(1966).This work used the consumption accounts maintained by the US BEA to document
trends in spending on arts-related goods and services in the United States.Beyers (2002) used
a similar approach several years ago in assessing more recent trends in spending for artsrelated
goods and services.While Baumol and Bowen documented declining relative spending
in the great depression on arts-related consumption,they did show a slow rise in this spending in
the 1940s and 1950s.Beyers (2002) found rising levels of consumption,and changes in the composition
of spending on the recreation account in the BEA GDP statistics,related to the developmentof computer and information technologies.Scott (1997) has also focused on cultural
industries,documenting employment in industries that he deems to have cultural content,and
has provided good case studies of the motion picture industry in Los Angeles (Scott,2005).
Illeris (1996) mentions ‘leisure personal services’ in his comprehensive treatise on the service
economy,but he does not develop a comprehensive analysis of the position of these services
in ‘The Service Society’.

背景
服务的研究已经发展在其专注于服务行业的特定行方面.早期的论文,如格林菲尔德（ 1966）和福克斯（ 1968）都集中尽可能多的在什么先前已被视为“服务”或三次活动的不可分割的类的功能定义,相对于第一,二产业.努瓦耶勒和斯坦贝（ 1983）所提供的服务的一个扩展功能分类,确定的消费服务类和生产性服务业.他们的工作精确定位的生产性服务业在美国城市发展的作用越来越大.许多人都给予了相当重视对快速增长的生产性服务业的研究,探索区域间和国际贸易这些服务,竞争优势的发展,基地位置,以及许多其他因素（贝耶斯和小腹,1985年的问题;丹尼尔斯,1985;林达尔和贝耶斯,1999;鲁巴卡伯 - 贝尔梅霍,1999） .然而,已经有研究相对较少关注服务的一些线,包括那些与娱乐,体育,和艺术.在艺术服务经济学的早期工作是由组织和鲍文承担（ 1966） .本工作采用美国东亚银行维持消费量占到文档中的消费趋势对美国艺术有关的商品和服务.贝耶斯（ 2002）在评估最近的趋势,消费对artsrelated的商品和服务中使用了类似的方法几年前.而鲍莫尔和鲍恩记录在大萧条相对下降,消费对艺术相关的消费,他们没有表现出缓慢上升的这一支出在矿井20世纪40年代和50年代.贝耶斯（ 2002）发现消费水平不断提高,并改变在东亚的GDP统计数据,涉及到发展历程计算机和信息技术开支上的娱乐帐户的组成.斯科特（ 1997）还注重文化产业,因为他认为,以具有文化内容产业的就业记录,并提供了电影业的良好案例研究在洛杉矶（斯科特,2005年） .伊列雷斯（1996）提到'休闲“在他的服务经济全面论述,但他不开发这些服务中的地位进行了全面分析,个人服务的服务社会” .