英语翻译ORIGINS OF THE PRIVATE ENTERPRISESWe can broadly divide

英语翻译
ORIGINS OF THE PRIVATE ENTERPRISES
We can broadly divide private enterprises in China into two groups.The first
group refers to formally registered private enterprises; the second group refers
to hidden private enterprises that are founded by individuals but registered as
state-owned or collective enterprises.The first group had not existed until private
enterprise was legitimised in 1988.Before 1988,people were only allowed to
set up small household business-so-called getihu-that were not allowed to
employ more than seven wage labourers.
The second group of private enterprises emerged around the early seventies,
when the central government lost control of localities after the turmoil of the
Cultural Revolution (1966-68) and,consequently,people sought their own
way to survive the disaster by organising small enterprises themselves,mainly
in rural areas.These enterprises further thrived after the adoption of reforms
at the end of the seventies.All these newly-established enterprises in rural areas,
whether funded by individuals or rural local governments,were later generically
encapsulated as township-village enterprises.These enterprises were usually
registered as collective in ownership,but private capital contribution to the
founding and development of these enterprises accounts for a considerable part
of them.

私企的起源
我们可以将中国的私企概括地分为两类.第一类指的是正规注册的私人企业;第二类值得是隐性的私人企业,虽然是由个人成立,但是注册的是国有或者集体企业.第一类私企直到1988年私人企业合法化后才产生.1988年以前,只允许人们建立小型的家庭式经营规模,即所谓的个体户,雇佣的劳动力不能超过七个.
第二类私企出现在上世纪七十年代左右. 文化大革命(1966-68) 的混乱过后,中央政府不再对地方进行限制.随后,人们尤其是在农村,通过自己组织小型企业来度过这场浩劫.这些企业在七十年代后期随着改革的进行而开始兴旺.所有这些在农村地区新建立的企业,无论是由个人还是有农村当地政府建立的,以后都被概括为乡镇企业.这些企业通常注册为集体所有制,但是私有资本对其成立和发展却起着举足轻重的作用.