英语翻译1 INTRODUCTIONLand is the material foundation where peop

英语翻译
1 INTRODUCTION
Land is the material foundation where people live on.Although China has vast land and is rich in natural resources,and ranks the third in the world,the average area per capita only accounts for 1/3 of that of the world average level.Therefore the tension between population and land is rather serious.Industrial production,especially coal mining,is still destroying plenty of farmland each year.According to the data of land administration,the destroyed land area is increasing at the speed of around 46667 hectares each year,and up to the mid of 21century,it will amount to 4 million hectares.Hence,land reclamation and ecological reconstruction is a very urgent task,which influences national welfare and people's livelihood.So this work attracts extensive attention.In 1950s-60s,Huairen lead-Tin Mine in Liaoning Province made the early attempts of land reclamation.In 1970s-80s,many research institutes carried out plenty of investigations and theoretical research.In October of 1988.The State Council issued 《Regulations on Land Reclamation》,which inaugurated the new era of land reclamation in China.Furthermore,25 provinces and municipalities have developed their local regulations too.Since then,the land reclamation activities have been legalized and standardized.
Obtaining benefit is a goal of any projects.Land reclamation projects have their own characteristics.Firstly,it will take a long period to get the return.Secondly,benefit of land reclamation is comprehensive.That is to say,it includes not only economic benefit,but also social and environmental benefits as very important component.Some projects even aim at obtaining social and environmental benefits.In the long run,benefits of land reclamation are huge,it will bring infinite benefits to future generations.If land reclamation was not carried out,the loss would be substantial.
However,owing to the problems such as unreasonable resource allocation of subsided land caused by coal mining,unclear ownership,poor administration or management and difficulties of financing,the reclamation work is still difficult to carry out.Especially many departments and individuals are unaware of the benefits of reclamation and have no initiative on land reclamation work,which seriously restricts the development of land reclamation.Therefore,we develop a benefit evaluating system of land reclamation to comprehensively evaluate the benefits of land reclamation,to make the evaluation procedures programmed,digitalised and integrated with maximum benefits and minimum risks.The evaluation system not only assesses economic benefits in detail,but also predicts and quantifies the social and environmental benefits.Thus,it facilitates the planning and design of reclamation activities for scientists and technologists and decision making for mining companies or government departments.

土地是人们赖以生存的物质基础.虽然中国具有广阔的土地,自然资源丰富,在世界上名列第三,然而人均占有量仅为世界平均水平的三分之一.因此,人口和土地之间的矛盾很是紧张.工业生产,特别是煤的生产,每年仍破坏大量的耕地.依据土地部门发布的数据,被破坏得土地正以每年46667公顷的速度增长,截至二十一世纪中叶,总量将增长到400万公顷.因此,土地改造和生态建设是一个紧迫的任务,这将影响到社会福利和人民生活水平.所以这项工作备受关注.在二十世纪五六十年代,辽宁省的Huairen lead-Tin 矿业对土地改造做了最初的设想.在二十世纪七八十年代许多研究机构做了调查和理论上的研究.在1988年十月,中央委员会颁布了《土地改革法令》,这开启了中国土地改革的新纪元.不仅如此,25个省,自治区也制订了地方法令.从那时起,土地改革被法律化和程序化.获得益处是许多项目的目标.土地改革工程也有他们自己的特免.首先,取得回报是一个很长的阶段,土地改革带来的益处也是很广泛的.这就是说,不仅仅是经济上的益处,社会和环境也因此收益颇深.一些工程项目甚至致力于得到社会和环境改良所带来的益处.在这漫长的过程中,土地改革带来的益处是很可观的,它将造福于子孙后代.如果不进行土地改革,损失将是巨大的.
然而,由于资源的不合理分配和由采煤引起的土地下沉,归属权不明,管理不善,资金困难等因素,土地改造工作很难开展.特别是许多部门和单位认识不到土地改造带来的好处,对土地改造工作缺少首创精神,这严重影响土地改造得进展.因此,我们建立一个土地改革益处评估机构来进行评估
digitalised and integrated with maximum benefits and minimum risks,研究机构不仅仅从细节上分析经济得益,也将预言社会和环境收益的程度.因此,它将使科学家,技术人员,决定放对于矿业公司 政府机构改造活动的规划更易于进行.
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