英语翻译While the above approaches are relevant to the developme

英语翻译
While the above approaches are relevant to the development
of many types of managerial strategies and tactics,
this study is concerned specifically with communication
issues.An approach to national culture that was developed
by the cultural anthropologist Hall is,thus,appealing in this
context [10–12].In fact,Hall declared that ‘‘culture is
communication’’ [12].If a person is to communicate effectively
with someone from another culture,he/she must be
able to ‘‘decode’’ the message properly.Without such a
code-breaker,two people from different cultures may see or
hear the same message but may screen that message very
differently by unconsciously ignoring or increasing the
importance of various parts of the message.In addition,
one may interpret the message content differently,‘‘seeing’’
or ‘‘hearing’’ the message so that it is consistent with his or
her cultural norms.Both the sender and the receiver of a
message are products of their own fields of reference or
expertise,that is,the sender has been socialized given his or
her own external cultural environment,as has the receiver.
The less these two fields of experience or reference overlap,
the more ‘‘distant’’ one person’s cultural background is from
another’s,and the more difficult clear communication and
understanding is between the two [13].
翻译成中文 - - 太多了，不要翻译软件了，已经200分了，

上述的方法是关于很多类型的管理策略和手段的发展,而这个研究则是特别地与交流问题有关的.文化人类学家Hall提出的一个关于国际文化的方法,在这一部分内容里面[10-12]是比较吸引人的.事实上,Hall曾宣称“文化就是交流”[12].如果一个人能够有效的与其他不同文化的人交流,那么他/她必定能够正确的去“破解”这些信息.如果没有这样一个解码者的话,两个不同文化的人可能会看到或者听到同样的信息,却有可能会因为无意识的忽略或增加了信息不同部分的重要性,从而捕捉到不同的信息.此外,“看到”或“听到”一个信息,每个人对信息内容的解释都有可能不尽相同,因此,这是与他/她的文化标准一致的.不管是信息的发送者还是接收者,他们都是各自专长领域的产物,也就是说,发送者已经被他或她所在的外部文化环境所社会化,接收者也一样.两个专长领域的重叠部分越少,那么不同文化背景的人之间的“距离”就越大,两者之间的清晰交流和理解就越困难[13].