英语翻译During Rome's centuries of greatness,Roman——especially t
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英语翻译
During Rome's centuries of greatness,Roman——especially those of the upper classes——were likely to have three names,like Gaius Julius Caesar.The praenomen (Gaius) corresponded to our given names.The nomen or nomen gentilium (Julius) identified the clan or tribe (gens),which usually consisted of a number of families sharing this name.The cognomen (Caesar) designated the particular family within the gens.There might even be a fourth name,called an agnomen,which could be a mark of distinction (like "Africanus" bestowed on Scipio after military victories in Africa),or just an additional mark of identification (for instance,Emperor Octavian,born Gaius Octavius,added the name Julius Caesar after Gaius,but retained Octavianus as an agnomen).During the period of Rome's decline,some persons adopted or were given even more names------as many as thirty-six.
在罗马帝国强盛时期,罗马人——尤其是上层人士——可能会有3个名字:如Gaius Julius Caesar。本名(Gaius)相当于我们的名。氏族名(Julius)用于识别所属的宗族或部落(宗族或部落通常由若干共用该氏族名的家庭构成)。姓(Caesar)则特指该宗族内某一特定家庭。有时候可能还会有第四个名字,叫做附加名,它可作为一种身份地位的象征(如Scipio取得在非洲的军事胜利后被授予Africanus这一名字),或者仅仅作为一种附加的身份辨明标志(例如,Emperor Octavian出生时名叫Gaius Octavius,后来成为Emperor Caesar的义子,于是在其名字Gaius后加上Julius Caesar,而将Octavianus 作为附加名保留下来)。在罗马帝国衰落时期,有些人使用或者被给与甚至更多的名字——最多达到36个。
以上是我自己的翻译。
During Rome's centuries of greatness,Roman——especially those of the upper classes——were likely to have three names,like Gaius Julius Caesar.The praenomen (Gaius) corresponded to our given names.The nomen or nomen gentilium (Julius) identified the clan or tribe (gens),which usually consisted of a number of families sharing this name.The cognomen (Caesar) designated the particular family within the gens.There might even be a fourth name,called an agnomen,which could be a mark of distinction (like "Africanus" bestowed on Scipio after military victories in Africa),or just an additional mark of identification (for instance,Emperor Octavian,born Gaius Octavius,added the name Julius Caesar after Gaius,but retained Octavianus as an agnomen).During the period of Rome's decline,some persons adopted or were given even more names------as many as thirty-six.
在罗马帝国强盛时期,罗马人——尤其是上层人士——可能会有3个名字:如Gaius Julius Caesar。本名(Gaius)相当于我们的名。氏族名(Julius)用于识别所属的宗族或部落(宗族或部落通常由若干共用该氏族名的家庭构成)。姓(Caesar)则特指该宗族内某一特定家庭。有时候可能还会有第四个名字,叫做附加名,它可作为一种身份地位的象征(如Scipio取得在非洲的军事胜利后被授予Africanus这一名字),或者仅仅作为一种附加的身份辨明标志(例如,Emperor Octavian出生时名叫Gaius Octavius,后来成为Emperor Caesar的义子,于是在其名字Gaius后加上Julius Caesar,而将Octavianus 作为附加名保留下来)。在罗马帝国衰落时期,有些人使用或者被给与甚至更多的名字——最多达到36个。
以上是我自己的翻译。
在罗马繁盛时期,罗马人——尤其是上层社会的——通常有三个名字,例如Gaius Julius Caesar.第一个名字(Gaius)就像是我们的名.第二个名字(Julius)用于识别他们的氏族或部落,经常是家庭里很多人公用的.第三个指定详细的家庭.有时候还有第四个名字,叫做附加名,以示区别(就像“Africanus”在非洲战胜后加在Scipio上一样)也或者是仅仅是附加一个“记号”(例如Emperor Octavian,出生于Gaius Octavius,就把出生地附加在后面,保留Octavianus做为附加名).在罗马衰败的时期,有的人甚至被给予更多的名字——最多的达到36个
自己翻的,可能不是很流畅,大致意思出来了
自己翻的,可能不是很流畅,大致意思出来了
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