老师2015年北京市朝阳区中考英语一模试卷中c篇怎么翻译

老师2015年北京市朝阳区中考英语一模试卷中c篇怎么翻译
中考文章翻译

解题思路： 英译汉时，只有依据原文特定的语言环境，根据上下文逻辑关系、文体风格和搭配习惯，充分考虑英汉语言的差异，才能在许多不同的词义中选出最确切的词义，并作出符合汉语习惯的表达。
解题过程：
Where did that number come from?
Eleven and Twelve
The reason behind the change in number naming is that eleven comes from the German term ainlif, which translates to “one left”. Twelve follows the same rule. It comes from twalif—“two left”. Why teen is used instead of lif for 13 through 19? There is something sadly lost in history.
911 for US Emergency Calls
Early phones didn’t use phone numbers—the operator had to connect your call by hand—and this led to the need for an emergency code . But later phone numbers became popular, that changed. In 1967, 911 was chosen as the nationwide emergency call because it was easy to remember and could be quickly dialed on the phone.
26.2 Miles in a Marathon
The story began with an ancient Greek soldier carrying message from a battlefield in Marathon to Athens. The modern marathon was born as a flagship event in the first Olympic Games, in 1896, with a distance of about 25 miles (40 km), as long as the distance from Marathon to Athens. But race organizers for the 1908 Olympic Games in London wanted to add something special. The race began at Windsor Castle and ended at White City Stadium, with runners finishing only after passing the royal box. The distance was 26.2 miles (42.1 km). And since 1924 this distance has been kept in marathon.
28 Days in February
Before using the Gregorian calendar that we use today, one of the first Roman calendars had only 304 days and ten months (March through December), with six months of 30 days and four of 31 days. The second king of Rome improved the old calendar. He added 50 days for January and February. To make the new months longer, he took one day from each of the 30-day months, making 56 days to divide between January and February (or 28 days each). Later January was given one more day to add up to 355 days a year, but February still had 28 days. That’s how it became the shortest month and it stayed that way ever since.
这个数字是从哪里来的？
11和12
在数字命名的变化背后的原因是，(英文)十一（eleven）来自德语（古代日尔曼语族）的ainlif,含义是one left。十二遵循相同的规则。它（twelve）来自twalif,含义是two-left。为什么青少年习惯于用lif代替13到19？历史上有一些东西遗憾的失去了。
911(为我们)紧急呼叫
早期的手机没有使用电话号码，接线员必须手动转接你的电话，这导致了紧急情况下对(代码）的需要。但后来的电话号码变得流行起来，那被改变了。在1967年，911被选定为全国性的紧急呼叫（号码），因为它很容易记住，可以迅速拨打电话。
26.2英里马拉松
这个故事开始于一个古希腊士兵携带信息从马拉松到雅典的战场。现代马拉松的诞生是第一届奥运会的一个标志性事件，在1896年，距离约25英里（40公里），只要从马拉松到雅典的距离。但伦敦奥运会的比赛组织者想增加一些特别的东西。比赛开始于温莎城堡，结束于白色的城市体育场，只有在经过皇家包厢后才有人完成比赛，距离为26.2英里（42.1公里）。自1924年以来这个距离一直保持在马拉松。
2月28天
在使用我们今天使用的公历前，第一个罗马日历只有304天和10个月（3月至12月），六个月的30天和四个月的31天。第二个罗马王改进旧的日历。他为一月和二月增加了50天。为了使新月有更长的时间，他从每一个有30天的月中拿出一天，把56天分配在一月和二月（或每个28天）。之后，一月又给了一天，加起来一年355天，但二月仍然有28天。这就是它如何成为最短的一个月（的原因），并且从那以来一直存在这种状态。