英语翻译Although genetic linkage and association mapping are bas

英语翻译
Although genetic linkage and association mapping are based on the same underlying phenomenon — namely,
recombination — in practice these approaches have different characteristics for localizing trait loci,each with particular
advantages and disadvantages.
In linkage analysis,recombination events are directly observed (or inferred) in a family pedigree within a limited number
of generations,whereas in association analysis we make use of the consequences of non-recombination over many past
generations within a short interval surrounding a disease locus.Importantly,the difference between the two approaches
often leads to the identification of different classes of disease-related genetic variants.These differences could provide at
least a partial explanation for the often poor correspondence between the susceptibility loci identified in genetic linkage
and genome-wide association studies.
The table compares linkage analysis,represented here by an affected sibling pair (sib-pair) with one parent
heterozygous at a specific marker,and genetic association analysis,represented by a trio family with one affected
offspring and a heterozygous parent.In affected sib-pairs,what is estimated is the proportion of pairs sharing an allele
that is identical by descent; that is,as copies of one parental allele,where the identity of the shared allele is irrelevant.
The sharing proportion is a simple inverse function of the recombination fraction:high sharing proportion corresponds
to a small recombination fraction,which in turn points to genetic linkage.In trio families,the estimated quantity is the
proportion of affected offspring inheriting a specific marker allele:an excess of over 50% is indicative of association.

虽然遗传连锁和关联映射是基于相同的潜在的现象- - -也就是说,
在实践中这些方法重组-有不同的特点,为本地化性状定位,每一个都有特定的
的优点和缺点.
在连锁分析、重组事件被直接观察到(或推测)在一个家庭在有限的数目.血统
后代,而在我们利用关联分析的结果在许多non-recombination过去
在很短的间隔代周围疾病位置.重要的是,这两种方法之间的差别
经常导致识别不同种类的疾病相关的基因变体.这些差异可以提供
至少部分原因不佳的对应关系确定在易感基因遗传连锁
和基因组相关研究.
这个表对比连锁分析、代表在受到影响的同胞对(sib-pair)与一个“父类”
在一个特定的杂合标记和基因关联分析,所代表的家庭和一个三的影响
一个杂合的后裔和父母.在感染sib-pairs,什么是估计的比例共享是对一个基因等位体
相同的血统,也就是说,作为一个父母等位基因的副本,那里的身份的共享等位基因是无关紧要的.
分享是一个简单的逆函数比例的重组率:高分享比例相对应
一个小重组率,从而指出遗传连锁.在三人组的家庭,估计量
比例的后代继承一个特定影响标记等位基因:一个超过50%以上的象征的协会