英语翻译求求各位帮帮小弟把 不要在线翻译粘贴的 如果尽力了小弟会把我所剩余的90分全给你们 我发誓,In additio

英语翻译
求求各位帮帮小弟把 不要在线翻译粘贴的 如果尽力了小弟会把我所剩余的90分全给你们 我发誓,
In addition to making it easier to investigate complex nonlinear problems and more realistic systems,the computer has reinforced one of the contemporary themes in physics,the unifying role of collective behavior.Systems composed of many individual constituents can exhibit common properties under certain conditions,even though there might be differences in the nature of the constituents and in their mutual interaction.The behavior of a system near a critical point is probably the best example of collective behavior in a familiar context.In the following,we discuss an example of collective behavior in the context of the structure of spiral galaxies.
The internal structure of a galaxy has traditionally been studied using Newtonian dynamics.This point of view is very useful but is complemented by thinking about the large scale structure of a galaxy using ideas from statistical mechanics.Because we only briefly summarize this alternative point of view here,we encourage you explore the properties of the percolation-based model of Schulman and Seiden by running GalaxyApp,a simple version of their model,which can be downloaded from the ch19 directory.
The basic assumption of the model is that even though a region of the galaxy might have the necessary ingredients for star formation,nothing happens if it is left alone.However,if a shock wave from a supernova passes through the gas,there is a good chance that a star will be formed.The supernova is itself the result of an earlier nearby star formation.The
Figure 19.1 The nature of the polar grid used in GalaxyApp.Each cell has the same area and six nearest neighbors on the average.The filled circle denotes an active region of star formation.At the next time step,it can induce star formation in cells containing open circles.As time passes,the neighbors in adjacent rings change because of differential rotation.
theory of self-propagating star formation is based on the importance of this mechanism.Rather than determining which regions have the necessary conditions for star formation,we summarize all the uncertainty and variability in a single parameter p,the probability that a supernova explosion in one region gives rise to star formation in a neighboring region.

翻译如下：
In addition to making it easier to investigate complex nonlinear problems and more realistic systems,
不仅能够更方便得分析复杂的非线性问题和更真实的系统,
the computer has reinforced one of the contemporary themes in physics,the unifying role of collective behavior.
电脑还使得一个现代物理的主题：群体表现的统一角色能够更加容易得进行研究
Systems composed of many individual constituents can exhibit common properties under certain conditions,
具有大量独立部分的系统的各个部分（应该是这个意思）在某些条件下可能有相同的表现,
even though there might be differences in the nature of the constituents and in their mutual interaction.
即时这些部分可能有本质的区别,并且相互作用.
The behavior of a system near a critical point is probably the best example of collective behavior in a familiar context.
系统在关键点附近的表现可能是群体表现在我们熟悉的环境中的最好例子
In the following,we discuss an example of collective behavior in the context of the structure of spiral galaxies.
以下,我们讨论一个在螺旋星系结构环境下的群体表现的例子.
The internal structure of a galaxy has traditionally been studied using Newtonian dynamics.
星系的内部结构由传统的牛顿力学作了研究.
This point of view is very useful but is complemented by thinking about the large scale structure of a galaxy using ideas from statistical mechanics.
这种观点很有价值,但需要由大尺度下的统计力学加以补充完善.
Because we only briefly summarize this alternative point of view here,we encourage you explore the properties of the percolation-based model of Schulman and Seiden by running GalaxyApp,a simple version of their model,which can be downloaded from the ch19 directory.
由于我们只是简单的总结,我们建议您利用GalaxyApp进一步研究基于perlocation的Schulman-Seiden模型的性质.您可以在ch19目录下载这个模型的一个简化版本
The basic assumption of the model is that even though a region of the galaxy might have the necessary ingredients for star formation,
这个模型基于一个基本假设：即使星系的某个区域存在足以形成恒星的物质,但如果这个区域单独存在,那么就不会有恒星产生
nothing happens if it is left alone.However,if a shock wave from a supernova passes through the gas,
但是,如果某颗超新星放出的冲击波穿过这个区域,那么就有可能产生新的恒星.
there is a good chance that a star will be formed.The supernova is itself the result of an earlier nearby star formation.
而这颗超新星本身也是之前造星的结果
The
Figure 19.1 The nature of the polar grid used in GalaxyApp.Each cell has the same area and six nearest neighbors on the average.
图 19.1
在GalaxyApp中使用的极坐标网格.每一格有相同的面积,平均拥有六个邻居
The filled circle denotes an active region of star formation.At the next time step,
这个实心圆代表一个活跃的造星区域.在之后的时间里,他可能在空心圆的区域里触发恒星的产生
it can induce star formation in cells containing open circles.As time passes,
the neighbors in adjacent rings change because of differential rotation.
theory of self-propagating star formation is based on the importance of this mechanism.
随着时间的流逝,由于不同的旋转（速度?）,周围邻近圆环内的区域会发生改变.造星区域的自发传播扩散正是基于这个重要的力学过程
Rather than determining which regions have the necessary conditions for star formation,
我们不去寻找满足造星条件的区域,而是将所有的不确定性和可变性用一个参数p加以总结.这个p就是超新星爆发触发邻近区域产生恒星的概率
we summarize all the uncertainty and variability in a single parameter p,
the probability that a supernova explosion in one region gives rise to star formation in a neighboring region.
可能有些名词翻译不正确,如有问题直接问我就是了