音译汉 先言谢!General Structure for ReportsRegardless of whether r

音译汉 先言谢!
General Structure for Reports
Regardless of whether reports are arranged deductively or inductively,the concepts of pacing,leading,blending outcomes,and motivating the reader still apply.
Pace
Pace your reader either by stating a reader benefit associated with the recommendation,a specific fact (or series of facts) with which the reader already agrees,a problem statement,or a conclusion with which he or she is likely to agree.Which of these you select will depend on your audience’s current position and,if you have been asked to provide them,your conclusions and recommendations.
Lead
Explanations,background information,and supporting evidence constitute the lead portion of a report.Reports typically need to consider the who,what,when,where,why,and how of a situation or issue.How much background information you will need to provide will depend on the situation and your reader's degree of familiarity with the subject of your report.
Blend Outcomes
When the report writer has a vested interest in the reader's decision,he or she still needs to ensure that the report is accurate,reliable,and objective so that the reader can make the best decision possible.The reader's options need to be presented clearly so that he or she can make an informed decision.
Motivate
Informational (those presenting information only) and analytical reports (those containing information and analysis) typically do not attempt any particular motivation,although when further action is required,that action should be indicated.Recommendation reports (those containing information,analysis,conclusions,and recommendations) need to clarify the benefits associated with the action being recommended and/or the costs associated with not acting.
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报告的一般结构
无论是以演绎结构或归纳结构安排报告文书,都可以遵循如下几个概念来安排：定位、主线、整理结果、激发读者.*[1]
定位/定调 (Pace)
可以通过提出以下内容来实现：与文中建议相关的读者利益、读者已经认可的某个或某些事实、问题陈述、或读者容易接受的某个结论.至于从中选择哪个,要取决于读者的当前立场或状况,以及是否有要求提供结论和建议.
主线/线索(Lead)
(问题)描述、背景资料、以及论据,这些构成了一篇报告的主线.报告通常需要考虑形势或问题中的：何人、何事、何时、何地、何因、如何.你所需要提供的背景信息量取决于具体情形和读者对于报告中所讨论主题的熟悉程度.
结果整合(Blend Outcomes)
若报告作者关心读者的决定,那么作者应该保证报告内容的准确、可靠、客观.如此读者才可能做出最佳判断.读者的可选项目需要清晰呈现,这样读者才会做出全面的决定.
激励读者(作出一些行动) (Motivate}
消息性报告(仅仅提供消息资料)和分析性报告(包含信息资料与分析)一般不需太多专门的促动.(这类报告中)即便提出要求进一步举措,这种举措也应该是被指出的.*[2] 而建议性报告(有资料,有分析,有结论,有建议)则需要明确指出所建议举措的利益与/或反之的损失.
两个注释的地方：
*[1]
即：Pacing, Leading, Blend Outcomes, Motivate the reader
这4个概念不是很好措辞,按我自己的理解翻译如是.或许可以改善.下面的小标题也是一样.
[2]
这句话大概是说即使文中提出什么建议,也未必是作者本人主观呼吁的.(个人理解)