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关于宾语从句状语从句等从句

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宾语从句和终于从句怎么样理解呢?又怎么样运用?他使用时的时态又是什么时态
关于宾语从句状语从句等从句
解题思路: 宾语从句,定语从句
解题过程:
先说宾语从句吧,动词后面的从句就应是宾语从句 。
运用宾语从句五注意
宾语从句是名词性从句之一,我们在运用宾语从句时需注意以下五个方面。 一、引导词的选择 宾语从句的引导词除that只起连接作用外,其他的都有各自具体的意义。因此我们在选择引导词时,要把句型结构、句意及习惯搭配结合起来,做全盘考虑。请看下面的例句: ①You’ll have to decide ___ car we’ll use, yours or mine. ②You’ll have to decide ___ car we’ll use, the old one or the new one. ③You’ll have to decide ___ we’ll use the new car for. ④You’ll have to decide ___ we’ll use the new car. A.which B.what C.whose D.whether ①根据后面的yours or mine选择whose;②根据后面的the old one or the new one选择which;③选择B项,构成what…for结构;④只有选择whether,全句的意思才通顺。 另外,要特别注意:动词或动词短语check,make sure等作肯定句的谓语时,全句在汉语意义上虽有“是否”之意,但后面常用that作引导词。如: Check that everything is in order,please. 请核对一下是否一切正常。 Make sure that the door is locked before you leave the lab. 在离开实验室前,务必弄清门是否锁上了。 二、that的省略与否 that在口语中常省略。但在下列情况下,that一般不能省略: 2.及物动词所带的第二个及以后的宾语从句中。 He said Lesson 82 was important and that he should learn it well. 他说第82课重要,他应学好它。 3.that从句被短语、词组分开时。如: He told us once again that he would never give up. 他再次告诉我们他决不会放弃。 4.在复合宾语中。如: He made it clear that he wouldn’t give us an answer. 他表明他不会给我们答复的。 三、从句的谓语动词的形式 当主句时态为一般过去时时,宾语从句的时态一般受其影响,要用过去的相应时态。并且,此影响延伸至宾语从句中定语从句、状语从句等。如: He said he would come if he had time. 他说有时间他会来。 但下列两种情形例外: 1.当宾语从句为客观真理或普遍事实时,只用一般现在时。如: The voyage proved that the earth is round. 那次航海证实了地球是圆的。 2.当主句谓语动词为suggest, insist, demand等时,其宾语从句常用should型的虚拟语气,谓语为(should)+动词原形。如: He demanded that they (should) be there on time. 他要求他们按时到那儿。 四、从句的语序 在宾语从句中只用陈述语序。如: He was not satisfied with what I said. 他对我说的不满意。 五、混合型的宾语从句 当主句谓语动词为think/suppose/expect/believe等时,且其后的宾语从句为否定句,常将否定词not从从句中转移到主句中,构成否定转移;疑问句中what, who, how等要放在句首,构成混合型的宾语从句(也可把主句视为插入语)。如: We don’t think there’s anything of interest in your picture. 我们认为你的画没有什么有趣的地方。 What do you suppose they needed﹖ 你推测他们需要什么?
定语从句,是名词后面的从句就是定语从句,定语从句中的时态不受主句的限制,根据需要用各种时态, 引导词用法如下
1.who指人,在从句中做主语
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
(2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.
注意:关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend
3.which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
如果在从句中做宾语,就用whom或who.比如: He is the man whom/who I talk to.
如果是在从句中作主语就只能用who.比如: He is the man who has an English book.
4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom;指物时,相当于which。
在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略。
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
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最终答案:略