英语翻译2.4.Luminescence measurementsLow temperature phosphoresc

英语翻译
2.4.Luminescence measurements
Low temperature phosphorescence analysis was undertaken on the pigments using a Perkin ElmerModel LS55 luminescence spectrometer (Beaconsfield,UK) utilising liquid nitrogen as the coolant (77 K) and quartz tubes (5 mm OD) as the sample cell.2.5.Oxygen consumption and hydroxyl content Oxygen uptake was measured before and after irradiation of the pigments in a sealed glass tube loaded onto a metallic support.The tubes are irradiated via a series of 8 watt black light 340 nm bulbs for 5 h @ 40 C.Hydroxyl analysis is referred to elsewhere [25].
2.6.Hydroperoxide analysis
Hydroperoxide concentration in the polymer films were measured using the standard iodometric method established previously [16].
2.7.Micrographs
Transmission emission microscopic analysis (TEM) on the pigment particles was undertaken using a Hitachi Model H600–3 instrument while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was undertaken using TOPCON Model SM720 Field Emission instrument.
2.8.Microwave technique
Microwave measurements were undertaken using a Marconi (6200A) 2–2OGHz programmable sweep generator and automatic amplitude analyser,coupled to a circular waveguide and cylindrical cavity.Powdered samples (0.2 g) were packed in the bottom of the cavity on a plastic dish (to ensure reproducibility) and were irradiated in the cell chamber with an ILC 302UV xeonon source via an optical fibre set-up (Laser Lines Ltd.,Beaumont Close,Banbury,Oxon,UK) switchable between UV and visible light with a cut-off point at 400 nm.In this work visible light only was used as the UV response is weak for the titania pigments.Changes in microwave cavity resonant frequency and attenuation of microwave power were monitored during 1800 s of irradiation and for 1800 s after switching off the light source (unless stated otherwise).All measurements were carried out in triplicate,and at25 C.The uncertainty in the values of ‘shift in microwave cavity resonant frequency’ is of the order0.0004 GHz; while that for‘attenuated power’ is0.05 dBm.

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2.4 .2.5.低温燐光分析是根据颜料使用的Perkin elmermodel ls55发光光谱仪（ beaconsfield ,英国） ,利用液氮作为制冷剂（ 77 k ）和石英管（ 5毫米的OD ）作为样本cell.2.5 氧耗和羟基含量摄氧量测定之前和之后的照射颜料在一个密封的玻璃管装上一个金属的支持. [25].这些铝管是辐照通过了一系列8瓦特黑光340纳米灯泡为5 h时@ 40三羟基分析是指在其他地方[ 25 ] .
2.6.[16].过氧化氢的浓度在聚合物薄膜测量使用标准的碘量法成立以前[ 16 ] .
2.7. 2.7 . Micrographs显微
传输排放的微观分析（的TEM ）对色素颗粒的承诺,使用日立模型h600 - 3文书的同时,扫描电子显微镜（ SEM ）下使用拓普康模型sm720场发射的文书.
2.8.微波测量下,使用马可（ 6200a ） 2 - 2oghz可编程扫描发生器和自动振幅分析仪,再加上一个圆波导和圆柱腔. .粉末样品（ 0.2克）被装在底部的腔上一个塑料盘（以确保重复性）和照射在细胞中商会与国际劳工公约302uv xeonon源通过一个光纤设立（激光线有限公司,博蒙特关闭,班伯里, oxon ,英国）开关之间的紫外线和可见光与截断点在400毫微米.在这项工作中的可见光只是被用来作为紫外线的反应是弱为二氧化钛颜料.的变化,在微波空腔谐振频率和衰减的微波功率进行了监测,在1800 S的照射和1800 s后,关掉光源（除非另有说明） .所有的测量进行式三份,并at25长的不确定性的价值'的转变,微波空腔谐振频率'是的order0.0004千兆赫;而for'attenuated权力' is0.05 dBm的.