大师作文网英语必修5知识点
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英语必修5知识点
英语必修5知识点
一、过去分词
过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰.过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语.它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语.这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法.
1.作定语
作定语的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,一般放在被修饰词的后面.例如：
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
This is a book written by a worker.
2.作表语
过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态.
I was pleased at the news.
The door remained locked.
过去分词作表语,相当于形容词,常见的有：
delighted,disappointed,astonished,interested,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried,excited,married 等.
过去分词作表语时,应注意与被动结构的区别.系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作.
The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态)
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)
I'm interested in chess.(状态)
3.过去分词做状语
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念.
Seen from the top of the hill,the city looked like a big garden.
从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园.
Accepted by the Party,he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后,他决定献身于党的事业.
②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句.
Exhausted,the children fell asleep at once.
由于太累了,孩子们马上就睡着了.
Encouraged by the speech,the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
受到了讲演的鼓舞,年轻人决定起来从事斗争.
③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用 if 等词.
Heated,water changes into steam.
如果加热的话,水会变成水蒸气.
Given another chance,he will do better.
再给他一次机会,他会做得更好.
倒装句：
一、here,there,now,then,thus 等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用 be,come,go,lie,run.
There goes the bell.铃声响了.
Then came the chairman.主席来了.
Here is your letter.你的信.
二、否定词置于句首,句子应进行倒装.
· nor,neither 放句首
Tod can't swim,neither can I.托德不会游泳,
省略句：
为了避免重复,或者为了使某一内容引人注目,可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变.
1.省略主语
Beg your pardon.请你原谅.
(= I beg your pardon.))
Serves you right.你活该
(= It serves you right.)
2.省略谓语
Anything the matter?要紧吗?
(= Is anything the matter?)
The river was deep and the ice thin.河很深,冰很薄.
(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)
3.省略表语
Are you ready?Yes,I am.
你准备好了吗?我准备好了.
(am 后面省略了表语 ready)
部分词汇
high expectations are the key to everything 远大的理想是开启万物的钥匙
face the music 面对命运对你的不公平
be absorbed in全神贯注于,专心致志于…
be engaged in 从事于…忙于
be concentrated on 集中注意力…
一…就…
The moment…瞬间
instant 立刻
the minute
second 片刻
make a suggestion
give an advice
make the investigation
look into 调查 看 浏览
slow down 减缓
relate to 有关 涉及
two athe deaths 另外两个死者
link to 有关联系
die out 灭绝
die of 死于
die from死于
his career came to an end 他的事业结束了
develop a severe illness 染上很严重的疾病
make a new career 创立新的事业
apart from 除了…
two more example =another two另外两个
make a face 做鬼脸
make one’s way to 转向 向…出发,朝…走去
make up one’s mind下定决心
make friends
make the bed
make sure确定
make room for为..腾空间
一、过去分词
过去分词兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语或受状语修饰.过去分词和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语.它在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语.这节课讲解作定语、表语的用法.
1.作定语
作定语的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰词的前面;过去分词短语作定语,一般放在被修饰词的后面.例如：
There are many fallen leaves on the ground.
This is a book written by a worker.
2.作表语
过去分词作表语,多表示主语所处的状态.
I was pleased at the news.
The door remained locked.
过去分词作表语,相当于形容词,常见的有：
delighted,disappointed,astonished,interested,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried,excited,married 等.
过去分词作表语时,应注意与被动结构的区别.系表结构说明主语的状态或具有的性质、特点;被动结构强调谓语动作.
The small village is surrounded by trees.(状态)
The small village was soon surrounded by enemy soldiers.(动作)
I'm interested in chess.(状态)
3.过去分词做状语
①表时间,相当于一个时间状语从句,有时过去分词前可加连词 when 或 while 来强调时间概念.
Seen from the top of the hill,the city looked like a big garden.
从山顶上看,这个城市就像一个大花园.
Accepted by the Party,he decided to devote his life to the cause of the Party.
入党以后,他决定献身于党的事业.
②表原因,相当于一个原因状语从句.
Exhausted,the children fell asleep at once.
由于太累了,孩子们马上就睡着了.
Encouraged by the speech,the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle.
受到了讲演的鼓舞,年轻人决定起来从事斗争.
③表条件,相当于一个条件状语从句,有时过去分词前可用 if 等词.
Heated,water changes into steam.
如果加热的话,水会变成水蒸气.
Given another chance,he will do better.
再给他一次机会,他会做得更好.
倒装句：
一、here,there,now,then,thus 等副词置于句首,谓语动词常用 be,come,go,lie,run.
There goes the bell.铃声响了.
Then came the chairman.主席来了.
Here is your letter.你的信.
二、否定词置于句首,句子应进行倒装.
· nor,neither 放句首
Tod can't swim,neither can I.托德不会游泳,
省略句：
为了避免重复,或者为了使某一内容引人注目,可以省略某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变.
1.省略主语
Beg your pardon.请你原谅.
(= I beg your pardon.))
Serves you right.你活该
(= It serves you right.)
2.省略谓语
Anything the matter?要紧吗?
(= Is anything the matter?)
The river was deep and the ice thin.河很深,冰很薄.
(= The river was deep and the ice was thin.)
3.省略表语
Are you ready?Yes,I am.
你准备好了吗?我准备好了.
(am 后面省略了表语 ready)
部分词汇
high expectations are the key to everything 远大的理想是开启万物的钥匙
face the music 面对命运对你的不公平
be absorbed in全神贯注于,专心致志于…
be engaged in 从事于…忙于
be concentrated on 集中注意力…
一…就…
The moment…瞬间
instant 立刻
the minute
second 片刻
make a suggestion
give an advice
make the investigation
look into 调查 看 浏览
slow down 减缓
relate to 有关 涉及
two athe deaths 另外两个死者
link to 有关联系
die out 灭绝
die of 死于
die from死于
his career came to an end 他的事业结束了
develop a severe illness 染上很严重的疾病
make a new career 创立新的事业
apart from 除了…
two more example =another two另外两个
make a face 做鬼脸
make one’s way to 转向 向…出发,朝…走去
make up one’s mind下定决心
make friends
make the bed
make sure确定
make room for为..腾空间