求 f concave upward 和 downward的范围

微积分求Concave up和Concave down On what interval is the curve y = x ln(x - 1) concave upward 求函数f(x)=A(x-1)/x²的取值范围和图像 upward bound 已知指数函数f(x)=a^x的定义域和值域都是(m.n),求a的取值范围. step backward,step forward,step onward和step downward分别什么意思? 微积分concave up and down 设f(x)=ax^2+bx,且-1≤f(1)≤1,1≤f(-1)≤3,求3a-b的取值范围和f（-2）的值 面对面的交流呈现下降趋势翻译：Face to face communication show a downward tr downward spiral是什么意思 求翻译In the LEO,the force of gravity decreases upward by 0.33 设函数f(x)=cos(2x+π/3)+sin^2x求函数的最大值和此时自变量的范围的集合