英语翻译The lifting operation of a crane on an FPSO is much more

英语翻译
The lifting operation of a crane on an FPSO is much more complex than that on a fixed (onshore) platform.Due to the motion of the FPSO at sea ocean,the offshore crane is subjected to dynamic forces as well as wind loads.As ocean exploitation expands to harsher environment,
the offshore crane is longer exposed to environmental loadings.In this context,the robust design of offshore cranes is recognized to be a major challenge.
While it is well known that the understanding of wind effects on various industrial structures is crucial to maintain structural integrity during the designed life,design purpose research activities are limited to somewhat typical fields.
A practical method for the calculation of wind loads on ships and offshore structures was presented by Haddara and Soares [3].They proposed an expression for the estimation of wind force coefficients on ships and compared this with experimental results.Other advanced studies regarding wind load identification based on CFD (computational fluid dynamics) simulation include the development of CFD techniques by Huang et al.[4],Blocken et al.[5] and Diego et al.
[6] .They presented a reliable numerical treatment technique that takes into account various wind effects on structures.
The motion of FPSO at sea is a very important factor that contributes to the static and dynamic responses of the crane.The motion of FPSO can induce dynamic loads on the crane even if the crane is not in operational condition.Therefore,a precise understanding or treatment should be incorporated into design activities of the FPSO crane.In relation to this research field,Wits presented the effects of parametric excitation of the crane load during lifting operations [7].He describes the reduction of the effect of crane operability due to the motions of the vessel as a result of parametric excitation.
This paper presents a method that uses coupled FVM and FEM for estimating wind load,the static loads,dynamic loads and the extreme roll motion of FPSO.In addition,fatigue estimations have also been carried out using the hot-spot stress method to present the life cycle of the welded boom structure

升降起重机操作的一个系统是比这更复杂一fi固定（陆上）平台.由于运动船体在海,海上起重机是受到动态部队以及风荷载.随着海洋开发扩展到更恶劣的环境,海上起重机较长时间暴露于环境载荷.在这方面,稳健设计的海上起重机是公认的一个重大挑战.虽然众所周知,了解风的影响,各种工业结构是至关重要的维持结构完整性的设计寿命,设计目的研究活动是有限的,典型的fi有所突破.一种实用方法计算风荷载作用下的船舶及海洋结构是由哈德拉和暴涨[ 3 ].他们提出了一个表达估计风力系数fi上船舶和比较这与实验结果.其他先进的研究对风荷载识别fi阳离子基于计算流体动力学（计算流体力学模拟fl）包括发展方法的黄等人.[ 4 ],布罗肯等人.[ 5 ]和迭戈等人.[ 6 ].他们提出了一个可靠的数值处理技术,考虑到各种风对结构的影响.海上运动的一个很重要的因素,有助于静态和动态响应的起重机.运动系统可诱导动态载荷对起重机的起重机即使不在操作条件.因此,一个准确的理解和治疗应纳入设计活动的船舶起重机.在这个研究领域提出fi,机智的影响参数激励的起重机在起重作业[ 7 ].他描述了减少影响的起重机操作导致的血管运动作为一个结果,参数激励.本文提出了一种方法,利用耦合有限体积法和有限元法估算风荷载,静荷载,动载荷和极限运动的辊.此外,疲劳估计也开展了用热点应力法的生命周期的焊接臂结构