七年级下册英语知识点知识点和翻译
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七年级下册英语知识点
知识点和翻译
知识点和翻译
初一全科目课件教案习题汇总
语文 数学 英语 历史 地理
第
6
页
共
10
页
7
,
right now
,
right away
,
at once
,
in a minute
,
in a moment
,
in no time
立刻,马上
8
,
right now
现在
just now
刚刚(用于一般过去式)
9
,
over and over again
10
,
the answer to the question
,
a key to the door
,
a ticket to the ball game
11
,
by the pool
12
,
summer vacation
13
,
go on a vacation
去度假
be on a vacation
在度假
14
,
write
(
a letter
)
to sb
15
,反意疑问句(陈述句
+
附加疑问句)
反意疑问句中,
陈述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑问句就要用否定;
相反,陈述句用的否
定,附加疑问句就要用肯定.
16
,
adj
以
-ing
结尾“令人„的”
exciting
,
interesting
,
relaxing
以
-ed
结尾“人感到„的”
excited
,
interested
,
relaxed
17
,
in the first picture
18
,
dry
干燥的
humid
潮湿的
Unit 8 Is there a post office near here
?
1
,
There is +
单数可数名词
/
不可数名词
+
地点状语
.
There are +
复数名词
+
地点状语
.
谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致
(就近原则)
.
There be
句型的否定式
在
be
后加上
not
或
no
即可
.注意
not
和
no
的不同:
not
是副词,
no
为形容词,
not a/an/any + n.
相当于
no+ n.
There be
句型的一般疑问句变化是把
be
动词调整到句首
There be
表示
“
某处存在某物或某人
”
;
have
表示
“
某人拥有某物
/
某人
”
2
,问路:
①
Is/ Are there
„„
near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood
?
②
Where is/ are
„„?
③
How can I get to
„„?
④
Could/Can you tell me the way to
„„
⑤
Which is the way to
„„
3
,
Across
,
cross
,
through
,
over
Across
是介词,
“横过,在对面”表示从物体表面穿过
Cross
是动词,相当于
go/ walk across
Through
是介词,表示从物体中间或里面穿过
go through the door
Over
是介词,
“横过,越过”表示从物体上空越过,跨过
fly over
4
,
ask for help/ advice
5
,
in/ on the street
6
,在某条大街上习惯用介词
on
on Bridge Street
第
7
页
共
10
页
7
,
across from
,
next to
,
between
„
and
„,
behind
8
,
in front of
在„(外部的)前面→
behind
在„后面
in the front of
在„(内部的)前面
9
,
be in town
→
be out of town
10
,
be far from
11
,
go/ walk along
go straight
go up/ down
12
,
turn left/right
13
,
on one
’
s/ the left
14
,
at the first crossing/ turning
15
,
sometimes
有时(频度副词)
sometime
(将来)有朝一日,
(曾经)某天
Some times
几次,几倍
some time
一段时间(前面用介词
for
)
16
,
free
空闲的
free time
自由的
as free as a fish
免费的
The best things in life are free.
17
,
enjoy doing
18
,
Time goes quickly.
19
,表“一些”在肯定句中用
some.
在疑问句和否定句中用
any
.
特殊用法:
some
可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、
委婉请求的疑问句中.
any
也可用于肯定句中,表示
"
任何的
"
.
Unit 9 What does he look like?
1
,
what does he look like
?询问人长什么样,
回答:
①主语
+be+
形容词
/
介词短语
(
he is tall/
of medium height
)
;②主语
+have/has+
形容词
+
名词(
she has long hair
)
what does sb like
?询问某人喜欢什么
2
,多个形容词修饰名词
多个形容词修饰名词,一般关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后.
限定词
+
数词
(序前基后)
+
描绘性形容词
+
大小、
长短、高低
+
新旧
+
颜色
+
国籍
+
材料
+
名词
3
,
May be
为情态动词
+
动词原形,在句子中做谓语,
maybe
是副词,表示可能,大概,一
般放在句首.
4
,
a little
,
little
修饰不可数名词,
a little
表示一点点,
little
表示几乎没有
a few
,
few
修饰可数名词,
a few
表示一点点,
few
表示几乎没有
5
,
Find
强调找到的结果,
look for
强调寻找的过程
.
6
,问职业:
what do you do
?
=what is your job
?
7
,
the same as
→
be different
8
,
long straight brown hair
9
,最后
in the end
(表事情结局)
finally
(强调次序)
at last
(强调经多番努力终于达成)
By the end of
直到„„为止
At the end of
在„„末端
/
尽头
Unit 10 I
’
d like some noodles.
1
,
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)
.
可数名词又分单数和复数.
○
1
一般
+s;
○
2
以
-s,-x,-ch,sh
结尾的名词
+es
;
○
3
辅音
+y,
把
第
8
页
共
10
页
y
变
i,
再
+es
;
○
4
以
-o
结尾的,有生命的
+es
(
negro
—
negroes
;
hero
—
heroes
;
tomato
—
tomatoes
;
potato
—
potatoes
)
;
无生命的
+s
;⑤以
f
,
fe
结尾的名词,改
f
,
fe
为
v+es
(
leaf
—
leaves
;
knife
—
knives
)
(例外:
roofs
,
chiefs
)
⑥单复数同形
:
sheep
,
deer.
不规则变化
:
man
—
men
;
woman
—
women
;
child
—
children
;
foot
—
feet
;
tooth
—
teeth
等
2
,
would like sth.
想要某物
Would you like some …?
你想要一些
……
吗?
——
Yes, please./
——
No, thanks.
would like to do sth. “
想要做某事
”
.
Would you like to … ?
你愿意去做
……
吗?
—Yes, I’
d like / love to./
—I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.
would like sb to do sth “
想要某人做某事
”
.
3
,
order
:
order food
take/ have one
’
s order
In order to
为了
In the order
按顺序
Order/ book a room
预定房间
Order sb
(
not
)
to do sth
命令
4
,
special
和
especial
Special
特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,
specials
特色菜;
specially
专门地,特地
Especial
特别的,突出的,
especially
特别,尤其
5
,
the
number
of
表示“„„的数量”
,后面接可数名词复数.做主语时,主语是
number
而不是
of
后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;
a number of
表示“许多”
,相当于
many
,
后面接可数名词复数,做主语时,主语不是
number
而是
of
后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数.
Number
前可用
large
,
great
,
small
修饰,不能用
little
.
6
,仍然,还:
still
(肯定句)
Yet
(疑问句、否定句)
7
,
one bowl of
two bowls of
8
,
what size
(
+n
)
would you like
?
Large/ medium/ small
9
,
what kind of
10
,大:
big
体格大、笨重→
small
,
little
形容具体的人或物
Huge
物体体积巨大
=very big
Large
物体面积、空间、范围、数量大→
small
不修饰人
Great
重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩
11
,肯定句中表并列用
and
否定句、疑问句中表并列用
or
12
,
around the world= all over the world
13
,
make a wish
14
,
blow out
15
,
in/ at one go
16
,
get popular
17
,
cut up
(动副结构)
18
,
bring good luck to
19
,
different kinds of
20
,
be short of
缺乏
第
9
页
共
10
页
Unit 11 How was your school trip?
1
,一般过去时
基本结构:主语
+
动词过去式
+
其他;
否定形式:①
was / were + not;
②在行为动词前加
didn't
,同时还原动词;
一般疑问句:①
Was/Were+
主语
+
其他?②
Did+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?
2
,动词过去式规则变化:直接加
ed
;以不发音
e
结尾的单词,直接加
d
;以辅音字
母
+y
结尾的,变
y
为
i
加
ed
;以元音字母
+y
结尾的,直接加
ed
;以重读闭音节
结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母
+ed
不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)
3
,
How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like
?
4
,
Go for a walk
5
,
Milk a cow
6
,
Ride a horse
7
,
Quite a lot
8
,
Show sb around
9
,
并列谓语的时态和数必须一致.
10
,
In the countryside
11
,
after that
12
,
come out
13
,
go on school trip
14
,
along the way
15
,
buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb
16
,
all in all
17
,否定转移(主语为第一人称
I
或者
we
时)
think
,
believe
,
suppose
18
,
be interested in +n/ v-ing
19
,
not at all
20
,
diary entry
21
,
Something
意为“某事,有些事”
;
anything
意为“任何事,任何东西”
;
everything
意为“每一件事”
(其后的谓语动词要用单数)
;
nothing
意为“没事,什么事都没有”
.
Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?
1
,
go+V-ing
与
do some +V-ing
go+V-ing
表示“去从事某种活动”
(一般指户外)
go
shopping/
swimming/
skating/
dancing/
skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hiking
„„
do
some
+V-ing
表示“从事某种活动”
(一般指室内)
do
some
writing/
washing/
cooking/
cleaning/ reading
„„
2
,
go to the cinema
3
,
camp by the lake
4
,
study for a test
study for the English test
5
,
work as a guide
6
,
living habits
7
,
stay up late
8
,
shout at sb
因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫;
第
10
页
共
10
页
shout to sb
对某人大声叫喊,目的是让人听见
9
,
run away
10
,
fly a kite
11
,
adj
修饰不定代词
adj
要放后面
something important
,
anything interesting
12
,
take sb to
„
带某人去„„
13
,
put up tents
14
,
make a fire
15
,
on the first night
16
,
each other
17
,
get a terrible surprise
18
,
finish doing
19
,
look out of
„从„„朝外看(
window
,
door
„„)
look out at sth
向外眺望„„
look out for
留神、注意、小心、关心
20
,
feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth
强调整个过程
feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth
强调动作正在进行
21
,
jump up and down
22
,
wake up
23
,
so +adj +that +
结果状语从句“如此„„以致„„”
eg
:
I was
so busy that
I didn
’
t go to sleep for 3 days.
The weather was
so cold that
they had to stay at home.
The coat is
so expensive that
I don
’
t want to buy it.
so that
引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(
in order to
)
eg
:
they got up early
so that
they could catch the early bus.
I raise my voice
so that
I can make myself heard.
语文 数学 英语 历史 地理
第
6
页
共
10
页
7
,
right now
,
right away
,
at once
,
in a minute
,
in a moment
,
in no time
立刻,马上
8
,
right now
现在
just now
刚刚(用于一般过去式)
9
,
over and over again
10
,
the answer to the question
,
a key to the door
,
a ticket to the ball game
11
,
by the pool
12
,
summer vacation
13
,
go on a vacation
去度假
be on a vacation
在度假
14
,
write
(
a letter
)
to sb
15
,反意疑问句(陈述句
+
附加疑问句)
反意疑问句中,
陈述句用的肯定,后面的附加疑问句就要用否定;
相反,陈述句用的否
定,附加疑问句就要用肯定.
16
,
adj
以
-ing
结尾“令人„的”
exciting
,
interesting
,
relaxing
以
-ed
结尾“人感到„的”
excited
,
interested
,
relaxed
17
,
in the first picture
18
,
dry
干燥的
humid
潮湿的
Unit 8 Is there a post office near here
?
1
,
There is +
单数可数名词
/
不可数名词
+
地点状语
.
There are +
复数名词
+
地点状语
.
谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致
(就近原则)
.
There be
句型的否定式
在
be
后加上
not
或
no
即可
.注意
not
和
no
的不同:
not
是副词,
no
为形容词,
not a/an/any + n.
相当于
no+ n.
There be
句型的一般疑问句变化是把
be
动词调整到句首
There be
表示
“
某处存在某物或某人
”
;
have
表示
“
某人拥有某物
/
某人
”
2
,问路:
①
Is/ Are there
„„
near here/ around here/ in the neighborhood
?
②
Where is/ are
„„?
③
How can I get to
„„?
④
Could/Can you tell me the way to
„„
⑤
Which is the way to
„„
3
,
Across
,
cross
,
through
,
over
Across
是介词,
“横过,在对面”表示从物体表面穿过
Cross
是动词,相当于
go/ walk across
Through
是介词,表示从物体中间或里面穿过
go through the door
Over
是介词,
“横过,越过”表示从物体上空越过,跨过
fly over
4
,
ask for help/ advice
5
,
in/ on the street
6
,在某条大街上习惯用介词
on
on Bridge Street
第
7
页
共
10
页
7
,
across from
,
next to
,
between
„
and
„,
behind
8
,
in front of
在„(外部的)前面→
behind
在„后面
in the front of
在„(内部的)前面
9
,
be in town
→
be out of town
10
,
be far from
11
,
go/ walk along
go straight
go up/ down
12
,
turn left/right
13
,
on one
’
s/ the left
14
,
at the first crossing/ turning
15
,
sometimes
有时(频度副词)
sometime
(将来)有朝一日,
(曾经)某天
Some times
几次,几倍
some time
一段时间(前面用介词
for
)
16
,
free
空闲的
free time
自由的
as free as a fish
免费的
The best things in life are free.
17
,
enjoy doing
18
,
Time goes quickly.
19
,表“一些”在肯定句中用
some.
在疑问句和否定句中用
any
.
特殊用法:
some
可用于表示盼望得到对方肯定的答复或表示建议、
委婉请求的疑问句中.
any
也可用于肯定句中,表示
"
任何的
"
.
Unit 9 What does he look like?
1
,
what does he look like
?询问人长什么样,
回答:
①主语
+be+
形容词
/
介词短语
(
he is tall/
of medium height
)
;②主语
+have/has+
形容词
+
名词(
she has long hair
)
what does sb like
?询问某人喜欢什么
2
,多个形容词修饰名词
多个形容词修饰名词,一般关系近的靠近名词;音节少的在前,音节多的在后.
限定词
+
数词
(序前基后)
+
描绘性形容词
+
大小、
长短、高低
+
新旧
+
颜色
+
国籍
+
材料
+
名词
3
,
May be
为情态动词
+
动词原形,在句子中做谓语,
maybe
是副词,表示可能,大概,一
般放在句首.
4
,
a little
,
little
修饰不可数名词,
a little
表示一点点,
little
表示几乎没有
a few
,
few
修饰可数名词,
a few
表示一点点,
few
表示几乎没有
5
,
Find
强调找到的结果,
look for
强调寻找的过程
.
6
,问职业:
what do you do
?
=what is your job
?
7
,
the same as
→
be different
8
,
long straight brown hair
9
,最后
in the end
(表事情结局)
finally
(强调次序)
at last
(强调经多番努力终于达成)
By the end of
直到„„为止
At the end of
在„„末端
/
尽头
Unit 10 I
’
d like some noodles.
1
,
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词(不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数)
.
可数名词又分单数和复数.
○
1
一般
+s;
○
2
以
-s,-x,-ch,sh
结尾的名词
+es
;
○
3
辅音
+y,
把
第
8
页
共
10
页
y
变
i,
再
+es
;
○
4
以
-o
结尾的,有生命的
+es
(
negro
—
negroes
;
hero
—
heroes
;
tomato
—
tomatoes
;
potato
—
potatoes
)
;
无生命的
+s
;⑤以
f
,
fe
结尾的名词,改
f
,
fe
为
v+es
(
leaf
—
leaves
;
knife
—
knives
)
(例外:
roofs
,
chiefs
)
⑥单复数同形
:
sheep
,
deer.
不规则变化
:
man
—
men
;
woman
—
women
;
child
—
children
;
foot
—
feet
;
tooth
—
teeth
等
2
,
would like sth.
想要某物
Would you like some …?
你想要一些
……
吗?
——
Yes, please./
——
No, thanks.
would like to do sth. “
想要做某事
”
.
Would you like to … ?
你愿意去做
……
吗?
—Yes, I’
d like / love to./
—I’d like/ love to. But I’m too busy.
would like sb to do sth “
想要某人做某事
”
.
3
,
order
:
order food
take/ have one
’
s order
In order to
为了
In the order
按顺序
Order/ book a room
预定房间
Order sb
(
not
)
to do sth
命令
4
,
special
和
especial
Special
特别的人或事物,特别的,特殊的,
specials
特色菜;
specially
专门地,特地
Especial
特别的,突出的,
especially
特别,尤其
5
,
the
number
of
表示“„„的数量”
,后面接可数名词复数.做主语时,主语是
number
而不是
of
后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用单数;
a number of
表示“许多”
,相当于
many
,
后面接可数名词复数,做主语时,主语不是
number
而是
of
后面的名词复数,因此谓语动词要用复数.
Number
前可用
large
,
great
,
small
修饰,不能用
little
.
6
,仍然,还:
still
(肯定句)
Yet
(疑问句、否定句)
7
,
one bowl of
two bowls of
8
,
what size
(
+n
)
would you like
?
Large/ medium/ small
9
,
what kind of
10
,大:
big
体格大、笨重→
small
,
little
形容具体的人或物
Huge
物体体积巨大
=very big
Large
物体面积、空间、范围、数量大→
small
不修饰人
Great
重大事件或行为,伟大,具有感情色彩
11
,肯定句中表并列用
and
否定句、疑问句中表并列用
or
12
,
around the world= all over the world
13
,
make a wish
14
,
blow out
15
,
in/ at one go
16
,
get popular
17
,
cut up
(动副结构)
18
,
bring good luck to
19
,
different kinds of
20
,
be short of
缺乏
第
9
页
共
10
页
Unit 11 How was your school trip?
1
,一般过去时
基本结构:主语
+
动词过去式
+
其他;
否定形式:①
was / were + not;
②在行为动词前加
didn't
,同时还原动词;
一般疑问句:①
Was/Were+
主语
+
其他?②
Did+
主语
+
动词原形
+
其他?
2
,动词过去式规则变化:直接加
ed
;以不发音
e
结尾的单词,直接加
d
;以辅音字
母
+y
结尾的,变
y
为
i
加
ed
;以元音字母
+y
结尾的,直接加
ed
;以重读闭音节
结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母
+ed
不规则变化的动词过去式(见书本最后一页)
3
,
How was your school trip?= what was your school trip like
?
4
,
Go for a walk
5
,
Milk a cow
6
,
Ride a horse
7
,
Quite a lot
8
,
Show sb around
9
,
并列谓语的时态和数必须一致.
10
,
In the countryside
11
,
after that
12
,
come out
13
,
go on school trip
14
,
along the way
15
,
buy/ get sb sth= buy/ get sth for sb
16
,
all in all
17
,否定转移(主语为第一人称
I
或者
we
时)
think
,
believe
,
suppose
18
,
be interested in +n/ v-ing
19
,
not at all
20
,
diary entry
21
,
Something
意为“某事,有些事”
;
anything
意为“任何事,任何东西”
;
everything
意为“每一件事”
(其后的谓语动词要用单数)
;
nothing
意为“没事,什么事都没有”
.
Unit 12 What did you do last weekend?
1
,
go+V-ing
与
do some +V-ing
go+V-ing
表示“去从事某种活动”
(一般指户外)
go
shopping/
swimming/
skating/
dancing/
skiing/ climbing/ camping/ hiking
„„
do
some
+V-ing
表示“从事某种活动”
(一般指室内)
do
some
writing/
washing/
cooking/
cleaning/ reading
„„
2
,
go to the cinema
3
,
camp by the lake
4
,
study for a test
study for the English test
5
,
work as a guide
6
,
living habits
7
,
stay up late
8
,
shout at sb
因生气或愤怒向某人吼叫;
第
10
页
共
10
页
shout to sb
对某人大声叫喊,目的是让人听见
9
,
run away
10
,
fly a kite
11
,
adj
修饰不定代词
adj
要放后面
something important
,
anything interesting
12
,
take sb to
„
带某人去„„
13
,
put up tents
14
,
make a fire
15
,
on the first night
16
,
each other
17
,
get a terrible surprise
18
,
finish doing
19
,
look out of
„从„„朝外看(
window
,
door
„„)
look out at sth
向外眺望„„
look out for
留神、注意、小心、关心
20
,
feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb do sth
强调整个过程
feel/ watch/ see/ hear sb doing sth
强调动作正在进行
21
,
jump up and down
22
,
wake up
23
,
so +adj +that +
结果状语从句“如此„„以致„„”
eg
:
I was
so busy that
I didn
’
t go to sleep for 3 days.
The weather was
so cold that
they had to stay at home.
The coat is
so expensive that
I don
’
t want to buy it.
so that
引导目的状语从句,以便,为了(
in order to
)
eg
:
they got up early
so that
they could catch the early bus.
I raise my voice
so that
I can make myself heard.