英语翻译以下是翻译内容,呵呵1.IntroductionWire electrical discharge machin

英语翻译
以下是翻译内容,呵呵
1.Introduction
Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a widely accepted non-traditional material removal process used to manufacture components with intricate shapes and profiles.It is considered as a unique adaptation of the conventional EDM process,which uses an electrode to initialize the sparking process.However,WEDM utilizes a continuously traveling wire electrode made of thin copper,brass or tungsten of diameter 0.05–0.3 mm,which is capable of achieving very small corner radii.The wire is kept in tension using a mechanical tensioning device reducing the tendency of producing inaccurate parts.During the WEDM process,the material is eroded ahead of the wire and there is no direct contact between the work piece and the wire,eliminating the mechanical stresses during machining.In addition,the WEDM process is able to machine Exotic and high strength and temperature resistive (HSTR) materials and eliminate the geometrical changes occurring in the machining of heat-treated steels.
WEDM was first introduced to the manufacturing industry in the late 1960s.The development of the process was the result of seeking a technique to replace the machined electrode used in EDM.In 1974,D.H.Dulebohn applied the optical-line follower system to automatically control the shape of the component to be machined by the WEDM process [1].By 1975,its popularity was rapidly increasing,as the process and its capabilities were better understood by the industry [2].It was only towards the end of the 1970s,when computer numerical control (CNC) system was initiated into WEDM that brought about a major evolution of the machining process.As a result,the broad capabilities of the WEDM process were extensively exploited for any through-hole machining owing to the wire,which has to pass through the part to be machined.The common applications of WEDM include the fabrication of the stamping and extrusion tools and dies,fixtures and gauges,prototypes,aircraft and medical parts,and grinding wheel form tools.
This paper provides a review on the various academic research areas involving the WEDM process,and is the sister paper to a review by Ho and Newman [3] on die-sinking EDM.It first presents the process overview based on the widely accepted principle of thermal conduction and highlights some of its applications.The main section of the paper focuses on the major WEDM research activities,which include the WEDM process optimization together with the WEDM process monitoring and control.The final part of the paper discusses these topics and suggests the future WEDM research direction.

1.引言
电火花线切割 (WEDM) 是一种公认的非传统材料去除工艺,这种材料去除工艺用于制造形状及剖面复杂的元件.它被视为对常规放电加工(EDM) 工艺的独特改创--常规的放电加工 (EDM) 工艺利用电极来引发电火花放电过程,而WEDM工艺利用的是连续走丝的电极丝（由直径为0.05–0.3 mm的细铜、黄铜或钨制成）,这种电极丝能够达到非常小的圆角半径.利用机械上紧设备使电极线保持张力,减少产生不精确零件的可能性.在WEDM加工工艺中,电极丝前端的材料受到腐蚀,工件与电极丝之间没有直接接触,从而消除了加工过程中的机械张力.此外,WEDM 加工工艺能够加工特殊材料和高强度耐热材料,消除加工热处理钢时发生的几何变化.
WEDM于20世纪60年代末被首度引入制造业.这一工艺的开发是寻求新技术替代EDM工艺中所用加工电极的结果.1974年,D.H.Dulebohn 利用光线跟踪系统来自动控制将由WEDM工艺加工的元件的形状.到了1975年,这种工艺得到快速普及,因为这种工艺及其卓越功能得到制造业界更好的理解承认.在20世纪70年代末,WEDM工艺引入了计算机数控系统,使这种加工工艺发生了巨大变革.因此,WEDM加工工艺的多种潜能得到充分开发,通过电极丝进行各种通孔加工--必须穿过要加工的部件.WEDM的常见应用包括制造冲压和挤压的工具和锻模、夹具和量器、原型、飞机和制药部件,以及砂轮成形切刀.
本文是Ho 和 Newman [3]所著关于开模放电机械论文的姊妹篇,它回顾了包括 WEDM 加工工艺在内的各个学术研究领域.本文首先基于公认热导原理及其应用集粹回顾了这种加工工艺.本文的主要部分集中阐述WEDM的主要研究活动,这包括WEDM加工工艺优化以及WEDM工艺监控.本文的最后部分对这些话题进行了讨论,并暗示WEDM的未来研究方向.