英语翻译Itis not often realized that women held a high place in

英语翻译
It
is not often realized that women held a high place in southern European
societies in the 10th and 11th centuries.As a wife,the woman was protected by
the setting up of a dowry (嫁妆).Admittedly,the purpose of this was to
protect her against the risk of desertion,but in reality its function in the
social and family life of the time was much more important.The dowry was the
wife’s right to receive a tenth of all her husband’s property.The wife had the
right to withhold consent,in all transactions the husband would make,and more
than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of
decision,equal to that of her husband.In no case do the documents indicate
any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife.
The wife shared in the management of her
husband’s personal property,but the opposite was not always true.Women seemed
perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried
to exceed their rights,and on occasion they showed a fine fighting spirit.A
case in point is that of Maria Vivas.Having agreed with her husband Miro to
sell a field she had inherited,for the needs of the household,she insisted on
compensation.None being offered,she succeeded in dragging her husband to the
scribe to have a contract duly drawn up assigning her a piece of land from
Miro’s personal inheritance.The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree,as
the contract says,“for the sake of peace.” Either through the dowry or through
being hot-tempered,the wife knew how to win herself,with the context of the
family,a powerful economic position.
6．What is
the purpose of a dowry?
7.What was the legal status of the wife in
marriage?
8.How much property of her husband can the
wife get through the right dowry?
9.What is the compensation Maria Vivas got
for the field?
10.Why does the author give us the example
of Maria Vivas?
II Translate
the following passage into Chinese.（共1题,满分25分）
For thousands of years,Chinahas been making contributions to culture and religion,to philosophy and the
arts,to science and technology.We American people deeply admiredChinafor these
achievements.Now we seeChinaat the moment in history when your glorious past is matched by your present
sweeping transformation.Just three decades ago,Chinawas virtually shut off from
the world.Now,Chinais a member of more than 1,000 international organizations.Your social and economic
transformation has been remarkable,moving from a closed command economic
system to a driving market-driven economy.The transformation has generated
unprecedented growth,and lifted millions of people from poverty

阅读：
很多人不知道在10世纪和11世纪的时候,女性在欧洲南部社会拥有很高的社会地位.女人作为妻子通过嫁妆的设立来保护.显而易见,这样做的目的是为了防止女人被抛弃,但事实上,嫁妆在社会和家庭生活中的作用远远不止这个.嫁妆是妻子拥有丈夫十分之一财产的权利体现.妻子有权撤回丈夫在所有事物中的决定,这不仅仅是一项权力.资料显示女性很享受与丈夫同等的真正决定事物的权力.没有任何文件显示了丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何的差别.
妻子与丈夫同享丈夫个人财产的管理,反之则不尽然.针对那些尝试越权的丈夫,女性似乎完全做好维护自己的继承的准备,有时候她们表现出来一种良好的战斗精神.Maria Vivas的事情正说明了这一点.已经和丈夫同意为了家庭卖掉自己继承的一块田地的她坚持要赔偿.在什么也没提供的情况下,她成功的把丈夫叫到抄写员（具体称谓不清楚）那里拟定了一份合同要从Miro的个人继承财产中分给她一块土地.不幸的丈夫只能同意了,正如合同里写的,“为了和平”.无论是嫁妆还是脾气来看,妻子知道如何在家庭中为自己赢得强大的经济地位.
6.嫁妆的设立目的是什么?
7.妻子在婚姻中的法律地位是什么?
8.妻子凭借嫁妆的权力可以拥有丈夫的多少财产?
9.MariaVivas得到的土地的补偿是什么?
10.作者为什么举MariaVivas的例子?
II翻译：
数千年来,中国为文化和宗教,哲学和艺术以及科学和技术做出了贡献.我们美国人深深敬仰中国取得的这些成就.在这历史的时刻,我们看到了中国今天翻天覆地的转变堪比中国辉煌灿烂的过去.三十年前的中国还处于自我封闭中,而今天的中国加入了1000多个国际组织.中国社会和经济的变化是显而易见的,从一个封闭的计划经济体发展成了蓬勃的市场经济体.这场变革促进了前所未有的发展与增长,让数百万人民从贫困中走出来.