英语翻译Congressional Power to Abolish Common Law Judicial Actio

英语翻译
Congressional Power to Abolish Common Law Judicial Actions .-- Similarly,it is clearly settled that ''[a] person has no property,no vested interest,in any rule of the common law.'' It follows,therefore,that Congress in its discretion may abolish common law actions,replacing them with other judicial actions or with administrative remedies at its discretion.There is slight intimation in some of the cases that if Congress does abolish a common law action it must either duplicate the recovery or provide a reasonable substitute remedy.Such a holding seems only remotely likely,but some difficulties may be experienced with respect to legislation that retrospectively affects rights to sue,such as shortening or lengthening statutes of limitation,and the like,although these have typically risen in state contexts.In one interesting decision,the Court did sustain an award of additional compensation under the Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers' Compensation Act,made pursuant to a private act of Congress passed after expiration of the period for review of the original award,directing the Commission to review the case and issue a new order,the challenge being made by the employer and insurer.
Deprivation of Liberty:Economic Legislation .--The proscription of deprivation of liberty without due process,insofar as substantive due process was involved,was long restricted to invoca tion against legislation deemed to abridge liberty of contract.157 The two leading cases invalidating federal legislation,however,have both been overruled,as the Court adopted a very restrained standard of review of economic legislation.158 The Court's ''hands-off'' policy with regard to reviewing economic legislation is quite pronounced.

国会有权废除普通法的司法行动.--同样的,很明显,这是定居'' [ ]人有没有财产,没有任何既得利益者的利益,在任何规则的共同法律.因此,因此,美国国会在其裁量权可能会取消普通法行动,代之以与其他司法行动,或与行政补救办法,在其酌情决定.有轻微暗示,在有些案件中说,如果国会不废除一个共同的规律行动,它必须要么重复回收或提供一个合理的替代补救.这种控股似乎只有远端可能的,但有些困难,可有经验方面的立法,追溯影响权利控告,如缩短或延长章程的限制,等等,虽然这些通常都在上升状态的情境.在一个有趣的判决中,法院也维持了一个奖的额外赔偿根据longshoremen的和港口工人赔偿法案,根据私人行为的国会通过后,期限届满时,为重新检讨原来的奖励,指导委员会审查案件和问题的一种新的秩序,所面临的挑战正在由雇主和保险公司.
剥夺自由：经济立法.--取缔剥夺自由未经正当程序,就实质性正当程序所涉及的,是长期局限于invoca审议反对立法当作缩短人身自由的合同. 157两大主导例无效联邦立法,但都被驳回,因为法院采取了非常克制的审查标准的经济立法. 158法庭的''手中小康''方面的政策检讨是经济方面的立法是比较突出.