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英语初一

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初一英语中不定式与动名词的区别及用法
英语初一
解题思路: 如下
解题过程:
动名词与不定式的区别:
 动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的
 不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的

动词不定式和动名词作主语的区别
①不定式作主语经常表示具体动作,常与特定的动作执行者联系在一起;而动名词作主语经常表示抽象动作,经常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起.如:
It's no good eating too much fat.
It's no good for you to eat so much fat.
②动名词结构作主语,可以用名词或代词属格形式作逻辑主语.如:
It's no use your pretending that you didn't know the rules.
不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
3在疑问句中,句首总用-ing形式,而不用不定式。
Does our saying mean anything to him? 我们说这话,对他能起作用吗?
4动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。(经验)
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)
同学:有些固定短语的区别,要加强记忆。
如: forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)

remember doing/to do
 remember to do 记得去做某事     (未做)
 remember doing 记得做过某事    (已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.
记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)
stop doing/to do
stop to do 停止,中断做某事后去做另一件事。
stop doing 停止做某事。
  They stop to smoke a cigarette.  他们停下来,抽了根烟。
  I must stop smoking.      我必须戒烟了。

forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)
forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)
forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)
forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)

forget doing/to do
 forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)
 forget doing 忘记做过某事。  (已做)
 The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off.
 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
 He forgot turning the light off.
 他忘记他已经关了灯了。    ( 已做过关灯的动作)
 Don't forget to come tomorrow.
 别忘了明天来。         (to come动作未做)

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最终答案:略