大师作文网英语及物动词和不及物动词通常用的有哪些
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英语及物动词和不及物动词通常用的有哪些
帮我列举一下经常要用的
帮我列举一下经常要用的
英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语,可把动词分成及物动词和不及物动词.
不及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）.若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语.具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了.
常用的不及物动词
appear ,Appear calm
come ,Come easy (safe)
go ,Go mad (crazy, bad, sour, wrong, crazy, hungry, blind)
get ,Get angry (ill, wet, excited, married, paid)
fall ,Fall asleep( fall ill, fall short, fall flat)
feel ,Feel good (sleepy)
keep ,Keep quiet (silent)
look ,Look fit (well, young, tired)
make, Make certain (sure, ready, a good teacher)
prove ,Prove an effective method (correct, accurate)
remain ,Remain still (unchanged)
rest,Rest satisfied (content)
rise, Rise red
seem ,Seem happy
stand ,Stand still
stay ,Stay young (stay fresh, the same)
turn, Turn teacher =become a teacher (yellow)
turn out ,Turn out true
用法举例
Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副词,不是名词,故不作宾语)
look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词,作宾语)
（at是小范围 in是大范围）
如： The students work very hard.学生们很努力地学习.
She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉.
The accident happened yesterday evening.昨天晚上发生了事故.
与及物动词的区别
及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分,实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类.
1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb).如： I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议.
“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?”
2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb).如： Birds fly.鸟会飞.
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月.
My watch stopped.我的表停了.
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言.
3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词.这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变.试比较：
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员.(begin作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的.(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同.如：
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手.
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法,与汉语的用法不一样,请注意下列两种情况：
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词,而汉语则可用作及物动词,如arrive到达,agree同意,1isten听.英语里这些动词后面常接介词.如：
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站.(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课.(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词,而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词,如serve为…服务. Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务
及物动词后可以加宾语,不及物动词后不可以加宾语
动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题.动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：
a．主要用作及物动词.及物动词后面必须跟宾语.可以用于："主+谓+宾"；"主+谓+双宾"；"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构.如：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
Please hand me the book over there.
They asked me to go fishing with them.
类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell. b．主要用作不及物的动词.不及物动词后面不跟宾语.只能用于："主+谓"结构.
This is the room where I once lived.
类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed.
c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义不变.如begin 都是作"开始"讲.everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game.
类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve.
d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义完全不同.
这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义.如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散".we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起". He lifted his glass and drank.
类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言） hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作
需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语,如：I dreamed a dream last night.
不及物动词：字典里词后标有vi. 的就是不及物动词.不及物动词后不能直接跟有动作的对象（即宾语）.若要跟宾语,必须先在其后添加上某个介词,如to,of ,at后方可跟上宾语.具体每个动词后究竟加什么介词就得联系动词短语了.
常用的不及物动词
appear ,Appear calm
come ,Come easy (safe)
go ,Go mad (crazy, bad, sour, wrong, crazy, hungry, blind)
get ,Get angry (ill, wet, excited, married, paid)
fall ,Fall asleep( fall ill, fall short, fall flat)
feel ,Feel good (sleepy)
keep ,Keep quiet (silent)
look ,Look fit (well, young, tired)
make, Make certain (sure, ready, a good teacher)
prove ,Prove an effective method (correct, accurate)
remain ,Remain still (unchanged)
rest,Rest satisfied (content)
rise, Rise red
seem ,Seem happy
stand ,Stand still
stay ,Stay young (stay fresh, the same)
turn, Turn teacher =become a teacher (yellow)
turn out ,Turn out true
用法举例
Look carefully! (注意：carefully 是副词,不是名词,故不作宾语)
look at 看…….+宾语 Look at me carefully! (me是代词,作宾语)
（at是小范围 in是大范围）
如： The students work very hard.学生们很努力地学习.
She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉.
The accident happened yesterday evening.昨天晚上发生了事故.
与及物动词的区别
及物动词与不及物动词的区别从是否需要宾语来分,实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词两类.
1)及物动词 后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词(transitive verb).如： I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议.
“How long can I keep the book ?”Harry asked.哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久?”
2)不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词(intransitive verb).如： Birds fly.鸟会飞.
It happened in June 1932.这件事发生于一九三二年六月.
My watch stopped.我的表停了.
She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening. 她在昨天晚上的会上发了言.
3)兼作及物动词和不及物动词 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词.这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,意义不变.试比较：
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员.(begin作及物动词)
When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的?(leave 作及物动词)
They left last week. 他们是上周离开的.(left 作不及物动词)
b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时,有时意义不尽相同.如：
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手.
Does this cloth wash well? 这布经得起洗吗?
4) 与汉语的比较 有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法,与汉语的用法不一样,请注意下列两种情况：
a)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词,而汉语则可用作及物动词,如arrive到达,agree同意,1isten听.英语里这些动词后面常接介词.如：
We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们于中午到达火车站.(at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)
Everybody listened to the lecture with great interest.每个人都很有兴趣地听讲课.(to不可省去)(比较：We all heard the lecture.)
Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗?(to不可省去)
b)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词,而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词,如serve为…服务. Our children are taught to serve the people wholeheartedly.我们的儿童被教以全心全意为人民服务
及物动词后可以加宾语,不及物动词后不可以加宾语
动词的及物不及物是在英语学习中必须解决的首要问题.动词及物与不及物通常有以下几种情况：
a．主要用作及物动词.及物动词后面必须跟宾语.可以用于："主+谓+宾"；"主+谓+双宾"；"主+谓+宾+宾补"结构.如：
He reached Paris the day before yesterday.
Please hand me the book over there.
They asked me to go fishing with them.
类似的还有：buy, catch, invent, found, like, observe, offer, prevent, promise, raise, find, forget, receive, regard, see, say, seat, supply, select, suppose, show, make, take, tell. b．主要用作不及物的动词.不及物动词后面不跟宾语.只能用于："主+谓"结构.
This is the room where I once lived.
类似的还有：agree, go, work, listen, look, come, die, belong, fall, exist, rise, arrive, sit, sail, hurry, fail, succeed.
c．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义不变.如begin 都是作"开始"讲.everybody , our game begins. let us begin our game.
类似的还有：start, answer, sing, close, consider, insist, read, learn, prepare, pay, hurt, improve.
d．既可以用作及物又可以用作不及物的动词,其意义完全不同.
这类动词作不及物动词是一个意义；而作及物动词时却是另一个意义.如lift作不及物动词时是指烟雾的"消散".we saw the mountain when the clouds lifted. 作及物动词时是"升高；举起". He lifted his glass and drank.
类似的还有：beat vi.跳动 vt. 敲、打; grow vi.生长 vt. 种植 play vi.玩耍 vt. 打（牌、球）,演奏 smell vi.发出（气味） vt. 嗅 ring vi.（电话、铃）响vt.打电话 speak vi.讲话 vt. 说（语言） hang vi. 悬挂 vt. 绞死 operate vi.动手术 vt. 操作
需要注意的一点是：少数不及物动词唯一可跟的宾语是同源宾语,如：I dreamed a dream last night.