have sth. done 和have sth.to be done用法有什么区别
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have sth. done 和have sth.to be done用法有什么区别
have sth.done 表示的是..事情被做了,但是实施这个动作的主语并不是说话者本人
have sth to be done
请看下面一道题:
“Do you have anything _________,Professor Smith?” “No,thanks.”
A.to type B.typing C.to be typed D.being typed
根据 I have something to type.I have a letter to write.He has some clothes to wash.等相关句式类推,许多同学毫不犹豫地选择了A答案,但是错了,确实,在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中,用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义,如 I have a letter to write 之类的,按理说其中的 a letter 与其后的不定式 to write 具有被动关系,即“信”应该是“被写”,但这里却习惯上用主动式表示这个被动意义.不过同学们还要注意一点,就是这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系,如 I have a letter to write.中的 to write 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的.而上面一题的情形则稍有不同,即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you (在此指 Professor Smith)来完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的,句意为“史密斯教授,你有什么文件要我打字吗?”请再看一例:摘自www.nmet168.com
I’m going to Beijing next week.Do you have anything to be taken to your son?我下个星期要去北京,你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗?
句中的 to be taken 用了被动式而没用主动式,原因就是“带”这个动作不是句子主语you 去完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的.比较下面的句子:
Are you going to Beijing?Do you have anything to take to your son?你要去北京吗?你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗?
I’m going to Beijing next week.I have a lot of things to take with me.下个星期我要去北京,我随身要带很多东西去.摘自www.nmet168.com
(这是高中常考的试题)
have sth to be done
请看下面一道题:
“Do you have anything _________,Professor Smith?” “No,thanks.”
A.to type B.typing C.to be typed D.being typed
根据 I have something to type.I have a letter to write.He has some clothes to wash.等相关句式类推,许多同学毫不犹豫地选择了A答案,但是错了,确实,在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中,用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义,如 I have a letter to write 之类的,按理说其中的 a letter 与其后的不定式 to write 具有被动关系,即“信”应该是“被写”,但这里却习惯上用主动式表示这个被动意义.不过同学们还要注意一点,就是这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系,如 I have a letter to write.中的 to write 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的.而上面一题的情形则稍有不同,即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you (在此指 Professor Smith)来完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的,句意为“史密斯教授,你有什么文件要我打字吗?”请再看一例:摘自www.nmet168.com
I’m going to Beijing next week.Do you have anything to be taken to your son?我下个星期要去北京,你有什么东西要带给你儿子的吗?
句中的 to be taken 用了被动式而没用主动式,原因就是“带”这个动作不是句子主语you 去完成的,而是由说话者“我”来完成的.比较下面的句子:
Are you going to Beijing?Do you have anything to take to your son?你要去北京吗?你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗?
I’m going to Beijing next week.I have a lot of things to take with me.下个星期我要去北京,我随身要带很多东西去.摘自www.nmet168.com
(这是高中常考的试题)
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