大师作文网伴随状语(伴随状语)
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：大师作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/10 13:48:49
请老师结合高考详解一下伴随状语（最好有例题） 谢谢！！！
解题思路： 如下
解题过程：
定义：伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。
例如：
①He sat in the armchair，reading a newspaper.
他坐在扶手椅里读报。
②All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语处于两种状态，或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的主语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。伴随状语可以有以下几种表示方法：
高考题典
(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006湖北卷)
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits. (2006安徽卷)
A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought
(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. (2006江苏卷)
A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said
(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ____A___ that all children like these things. (2006全国卷)
A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought
【分析】以上四题答案分别为CBAA。
又如：
1．The secretary worked late into the night,_____ a long speech for the president. (MET91)
A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing
【答案】B
解释：此题谓语动词后有一逗号，先排除作目的状语的A，又无and连接，排除作谓语动词的C、D。只有B是对的，现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2. I walked out of the cinema, ______ to return to see the wonderful film the next Sunday.
A. determine B. being determined C. determined D. to be determined
【答案】C
此题考查的是非谓语动词中过去分词的用法。此处“determined ”为“坚定的”属于形容词词性，可直接做伴随状语，不加being 或to be.
3. After the Arab states won independence, great em phasis was laid on education, with girls as well as boys _____ to go to school.
A. to be encouraged B. encouragingC. encouraged D. be encouraged
【答案】C。with的复合结构作伴随状语。
一、with复合结构做伴随状语：
由“with ＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当。例如：
1．With production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year．产量增涨了60％，公司又是一个盈利年。
2．He soon fell asleep with the candle still burning ．蜡烛还亮着，他很快就睡着了。
3．She sat there alone with her eyes filled with tears．他独自一人坐在那儿，眼里充满了泪水。
二、独立主格结构做伴随状语：
独立主格结构是由一个名词或代词（作为该短语结构的逻辑主语），加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语（作为该短语结构的逻辑谓语）构成。该从属结构主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。故独立主格结构也可做伴随状语。例如：
1．Mr．Smith flew to New York this morning，his assistant to join him there this Saturday．今天早上史密斯先生坐飞机去了美国，他的秘书星期六和他在那儿见面。
2．He was lying on the grass，his hands crossed under his head．他躺在草地上，头枕双手。
3．He stood on the deck，pipe in mouth．他站在甲板上，嘴里叼着烟斗。
三、分词短语做伴随状语：
现在分词短语和过去分词短语都可以做伴随状语，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义。例如：
1．“Can't you read？”Mary said angrily pointing to the notice ．玛丽生气地指着通知说：“难道你不识字吗？”
2．He sent me an e-mail hoping to get further information．他给我发了一封电子邮件，希望得到更多信息。
3．He hurried to the hall，followed by two guards．他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。
四、形容词短语做伴随状语：
形容词短语做伴随状语时，通常表状态。例如：
1．Full of apologies，the manager approached us．经理向我们走来，嘴里不停地说着抱歉的话。
2．He was too excited，unable to say a word．他太激动了，一句话也说不出来。
3．He stared at the footprint，full of fear ．他盯着脚印，满心恐惧。
五、单个形容词做伴随状语：
单个形容词做伴随状语也表示状态，不表动作。例如：
1．He sat there，silent．他一声不响地坐在那儿。
2．Breathless，she rushed in through the back door．穿过后门，他气喘吁吁地冲了进来。
3．He went to bed，cold and hungry．他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。
最终答案：略
解题过程：
定义：伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。
例如：
①He sat in the armchair，reading a newspaper.
他坐在扶手椅里读报。
②All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem.
他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。
伴随状语出现的条件是由一个主语发出两个动作或同一个主语处于两种状态，或同一个主语发出一个动作时又伴随有某一种状态。伴随状语的逻辑主语一般情况下必须是全句的主语，伴随状语与谓语动词所表示的动作或状态是同时发生的。伴随状语可以有以下几种表示方法：
高考题典
(1) Don’t sit there ______ nothing. Come and help me with this table. (2006湖北卷)
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
(2) My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits. (2006安徽卷)
A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought
(3) Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. (2006江苏卷)
A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said
(4) We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, ____A___ that all children like these things. (2006全国卷)
A. thinking B. think C. to think D. thought
【分析】以上四题答案分别为CBAA。
又如：
1．The secretary worked late into the night,_____ a long speech for the president. (MET91)
A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing
【答案】B
解释：此题谓语动词后有一逗号，先排除作目的状语的A，又无and连接，排除作谓语动词的C、D。只有B是对的，现在分词短语作伴随状语。
2. I walked out of the cinema, ______ to return to see the wonderful film the next Sunday.
A. determine B. being determined C. determined D. to be determined
【答案】C
此题考查的是非谓语动词中过去分词的用法。此处“determined ”为“坚定的”属于形容词词性，可直接做伴随状语，不加being 或to be.
3. After the Arab states won independence, great em phasis was laid on education, with girls as well as boys _____ to go to school.
A. to be encouraged B. encouragingC. encouraged D. be encouraged
【答案】C。with的复合结构作伴随状语。
一、with复合结构做伴随状语：
由“with ＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当。例如：
1．With production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year．产量增涨了60％，公司又是一个盈利年。
2．He soon fell asleep with the candle still burning ．蜡烛还亮着，他很快就睡着了。
3．She sat there alone with her eyes filled with tears．他独自一人坐在那儿，眼里充满了泪水。
二、独立主格结构做伴随状语：
独立主格结构是由一个名词或代词（作为该短语结构的逻辑主语），加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语（作为该短语结构的逻辑谓语）构成。该从属结构主要起状语作用，相当于一个状语从句。故独立主格结构也可做伴随状语。例如：
1．Mr．Smith flew to New York this morning，his assistant to join him there this Saturday．今天早上史密斯先生坐飞机去了美国，他的秘书星期六和他在那儿见面。
2．He was lying on the grass，his hands crossed under his head．他躺在草地上，头枕双手。
3．He stood on the deck，pipe in mouth．他站在甲板上，嘴里叼着烟斗。
三、分词短语做伴随状语：
现在分词短语和过去分词短语都可以做伴随状语，现在分词短语表示与主句的主语在逻辑上有主谓关系，即表主动意义；而过去分词短语则表示与主句的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，即被动意义。例如：
1．“Can't you read？”Mary said angrily pointing to the notice ．玛丽生气地指着通知说：“难道你不识字吗？”
2．He sent me an e-mail hoping to get further information．他给我发了一封电子邮件，希望得到更多信息。
3．He hurried to the hall，followed by two guards．他匆忙进了大厅，后面跟着两个警卫。
四、形容词短语做伴随状语：
形容词短语做伴随状语时，通常表状态。例如：
1．Full of apologies，the manager approached us．经理向我们走来，嘴里不停地说着抱歉的话。
2．He was too excited，unable to say a word．他太激动了，一句话也说不出来。
3．He stared at the footprint，full of fear ．他盯着脚印，满心恐惧。
五、单个形容词做伴随状语：
单个形容词做伴随状语也表示状态，不表动作。例如：
1．He sat there，silent．他一声不响地坐在那儿。
2．Breathless，she rushed in through the back door．穿过后门，他气喘吁吁地冲了进来。
3．He went to bed，cold and hungry．他又冷又饿地上床睡觉了。
最终答案：略