大师作文网初中英语主动语态与被动语态转换
来源：学生作业帮 编辑：大师作文网作业帮 分类：英语作业 时间：2024/11/10 14:13:12
初中英语主动语态与被动语态转换
my mother bought a new computer yesterday.
they were heard to sing in the room.
he told me he would see a film soon.
close your books.
li ping didn`t break the desk,
how many times has the book been read .
does she often have lunch at school yes ,she does.
he stoped me from playing in the street.
were you told to go to xi`an yesterday.
may i take the boy to the park?
shuold they study english carefully?
whom did the teacher tell to clean the room?
he told us we must hand in our exercise books.
where was the boy found yesterday?
my mother bought a new computer yesterday.
they were heard to sing in the room.
he told me he would see a film soon.
close your books.
li ping didn`t break the desk,
how many times has the book been read .
does she often have lunch at school yes ,she does.
he stoped me from playing in the street.
were you told to go to xi`an yesterday.
may i take the boy to the park?
shuold they study english carefully?
whom did the teacher tell to clean the room?
he told us we must hand in our exercise books.
where was the boy found yesterday?
被动语态八注意
1.我们知道,主动语态变为被动语态时,通常将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语;主动语态的主语变为由介词by引导的宾语;谓语动词变为被动语态“be +过去分词”形式,例如: Everyone likes the interesting film. (主动语态) → The interesting film is liked by everyone. (被动语态) They used knives to cut things. (主动语态) → Knives are used to cut things. (被动语态) 但是,并非所有由“be +过去分词”构成的形式就是被动语态.有时过去分词已经变为形容词,表示一种状态.试比较: My brother is very interested in English. 我哥哥对英语非常感兴趣.(状态) My brother was interested by what I told him. 我告诉他的话让我哥哥非常感兴趣.(动态) 2.在被动语态中谓语动词一定是及物动词,也就是说必须跟宾语的动词.如: We can make metals into different shapes. (主动语态) → Metals can be made into different shapes. (被动语态) 在主动语态中make是及物动词,其动作的承受者即宾语是metals. 但是,并非所有的及物动词都有被动语态.比如,表示静态的动词(have、belong to)、宾语是反身代词或相互代词等.例如: He has a nice house. 他有一所漂亮的房子. We must help each other. 我们应该互相帮助. 3.主动语态中的主语在变为被动语态时通常变为由介词by的引出的宾语.如: They have already cut down the trees. → The trees have already been cut down by them. 那些树木已经被他们砍光. 如果谓语动词是know,在变为被动语态时,原来的主语变为由to引出的宾语.如: May people know him very well. → He is well known to many people. 很多人都非常了解他. 注意:我们之所以用被动语态是因为我们不清楚动作的执行者、或没有必要指出动词的执行者等.因此很多被动语态没有由by引出的宾语.如: People may lose their lives and homes or they may be injured badly in a fire. 在大火中人们可能失去性命和家园,要不就是严重烧伤. It is used for protecting the fireman from smoke. 它用来保护消防人员以避免吸进烟雾. 4.在主动语态变为被动语态时,时态一般应保持一致.如: We will build more factories in my hometown. → More factories will be built in my hometown. 我们家乡将要建起更多的工厂.
为此,我们必须记住以下某些时态的被动结构: do(es)→ is/am/are done did → was/were done have/has done → have/has been done will do → will be done be doing → be being done
5.某些动词可以跟双宾语如give、pass、bring、write;buy、make等,在变为被动语态时如果直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语,则间接宾语通常由介词to、for引出.例如: My sister gave me a nice watch for my birthday. → A nice watch was given to me by my sister for my birthday. 我过生日时收到了姐姐的一块手表. They have bought us many books. → Many books have been bought for us by them. 很多书都是由他们给我们买的. 6.某些动词make、hear、see、watch等在主动语态中,其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式.但在变为被动语态时通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复.如: He made us clean the classroom after school. → We were made to clean the classroom after school. 我们被迫在放学后打扫教室. I saw him come into the room. → He was seen to come into the room. 人们看见他进了屋子. 7.在主动语态中如果谓语动词是含有介词或副词的短语动词,变为被动语态时不能丢掉该介词或副词.如: They must take good care of the children. → The children must be taken good care of. 孩子们必须小心照看. 8.英语中某些动词如sell、lock、draw、start等在否定句、进行时或用在某些形容词、副词前可以表示被动意义.如: This kind of books sells well. 这种书畅销. The door won’t lock. 门锁锁不上.
1.我们知道,主动语态变为被动语态时,通常将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语;主动语态的主语变为由介词by引导的宾语;谓语动词变为被动语态“be +过去分词”形式,例如: Everyone likes the interesting film. (主动语态) → The interesting film is liked by everyone. (被动语态) They used knives to cut things. (主动语态) → Knives are used to cut things. (被动语态) 但是,并非所有由“be +过去分词”构成的形式就是被动语态.有时过去分词已经变为形容词,表示一种状态.试比较: My brother is very interested in English. 我哥哥对英语非常感兴趣.(状态) My brother was interested by what I told him. 我告诉他的话让我哥哥非常感兴趣.(动态) 2.在被动语态中谓语动词一定是及物动词,也就是说必须跟宾语的动词.如: We can make metals into different shapes. (主动语态) → Metals can be made into different shapes. (被动语态) 在主动语态中make是及物动词,其动作的承受者即宾语是metals. 但是,并非所有的及物动词都有被动语态.比如,表示静态的动词(have、belong to)、宾语是反身代词或相互代词等.例如: He has a nice house. 他有一所漂亮的房子. We must help each other. 我们应该互相帮助. 3.主动语态中的主语在变为被动语态时通常变为由介词by的引出的宾语.如: They have already cut down the trees. → The trees have already been cut down by them. 那些树木已经被他们砍光. 如果谓语动词是know,在变为被动语态时,原来的主语变为由to引出的宾语.如: May people know him very well. → He is well known to many people. 很多人都非常了解他. 注意:我们之所以用被动语态是因为我们不清楚动作的执行者、或没有必要指出动词的执行者等.因此很多被动语态没有由by引出的宾语.如: People may lose their lives and homes or they may be injured badly in a fire. 在大火中人们可能失去性命和家园,要不就是严重烧伤. It is used for protecting the fireman from smoke. 它用来保护消防人员以避免吸进烟雾. 4.在主动语态变为被动语态时,时态一般应保持一致.如: We will build more factories in my hometown. → More factories will be built in my hometown. 我们家乡将要建起更多的工厂.
为此,我们必须记住以下某些时态的被动结构: do(es)→ is/am/are done did → was/were done have/has done → have/has been done will do → will be done be doing → be being done
5.某些动词可以跟双宾语如give、pass、bring、write;buy、make等,在变为被动语态时如果直接宾语变为被动语态中的主语,则间接宾语通常由介词to、for引出.例如: My sister gave me a nice watch for my birthday. → A nice watch was given to me by my sister for my birthday. 我过生日时收到了姐姐的一块手表. They have bought us many books. → Many books have been bought for us by them. 很多书都是由他们给我们买的. 6.某些动词make、hear、see、watch等在主动语态中,其宾语补足语要求用不带to的不定式.但在变为被动语态时通常省略的不定式符号to必须恢复.如: He made us clean the classroom after school. → We were made to clean the classroom after school. 我们被迫在放学后打扫教室. I saw him come into the room. → He was seen to come into the room. 人们看见他进了屋子. 7.在主动语态中如果谓语动词是含有介词或副词的短语动词,变为被动语态时不能丢掉该介词或副词.如: They must take good care of the children. → The children must be taken good care of. 孩子们必须小心照看. 8.英语中某些动词如sell、lock、draw、start等在否定句、进行时或用在某些形容词、副词前可以表示被动意义.如: This kind of books sells well. 这种书畅销. The door won’t lock. 门锁锁不上.