1.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction,completely ___

1.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction,completely _____ to the outside world.
A.having been lost B.to be lost C.losing D.lost
2._____ what to do with the urgent business,he stayed awake all night.
A.Leaving wondering B.Being left wondering C.Being left to wonder
D.Left wondering
为何C不行?
3.He was suddenly _____ with a strange illness when he was about to finish his work.
A.seized B.caught C.infect D.controlled
4.The earthquake and the heavy losses _____ contributed to disabled the famil to afford his education.
A.that B.it C.what D.which
这题完全没看懂.
5.-Do you smoke?
-No,I don't.But I used to.It's two years since I ______ .
A.smoked B.didn't smoke C.have smoked D.began to smoke
为何不是完成时?
以上5题麻烦给我解释一下原因.

5题如采纳有120分,问题还有答案和疑问,愿意回答,但请稍等,我回答较仔细.会不断修改,待续
1.Anna was reading a piece of science fiction,completely _____ to the outside world.
A.having been lost B.to be lost C.losing D.lost
答案是D
译：安娜在看一篇科幻小说,完全感觉不到外部世界.
析：考查非谓语动词作状语.其逻辑主语是主句主语即安娜.一般说sb.is/was lost in sth.说某人迷失在.中.并不是说sb.loses sth.(某人丢了某物）,所以排除C.是同时发生的伴随情况而非之前发生的动作或存在的情况,排除A.不定式作状语表示未来和目的,B不妥.排除.
1991年考研英语真题
19 .Anna was reading a piece of science fiction,completely _ to the outside world.
A.being lost B.having lost C.losing D.lost
此题有所改动.
补充：be lost to和be lost in的区别：
be lost to:
a.感觉不到
例句与用法:
1）.My son was lost to me when he married.
我儿子结婚以后,就不再听我的了.
2）.The opportunity was lost to them.
他们已失去了这个机会.
be lost in:
a.忘乎所以(迷路)
1）.Much of the goodness in food may be lost in cooking.
食物在烹调中可能失去许多养分.
2）.The old man was lost in thought and did not hear us come in.
这个老人凝神沉思,没有听见我们进来.
2._____ what to do with the urgent business,he stayed awake all night.
A.Leaving wondering B.Being left wondering C.Being left to wonder
D.Left wondering
答案是D,为何C不行?
答：考查非谓语动词短语作状语,放在主句的前面.其逻辑主语是主句的主语He,“他”和leave是被动关系,排除A.leave sb.wondering ...,没有leave sb.to do sth.的用法,排除C.being left和left都表示被动.前者表示“正在进行的动作,与主句谓语动作同时发生的动作”,后者强调被动,不表示进行.而leave sb.doing sth.中的leave无进行意味,所以选D
译：不好译,因为人工造句,不知道是谁或什么事leave him wondering ...
其实这句话改为：Wondering ...,he.就可以了：
由于不知道如何处理这个紧迫的事务,他彻夜未眠
3.He was suddenly _____ with a strange illness when he was about to finish his work.
A.seized B.caught C.infect D.controlled
答案是A
答：此题考词汇.C应用过去分词infected ,且这不是一个突然的动作.D be controlled by sth.介词搭配首先不当.B.be caught in sth.也是介词搭配出了问题.A 的用法其实不熟悉.排除法剩下的是它.确定它正确还需要查词典,找例句.
译：就在他快要完工时,突然得了一种怪病.
评：好象题句写反了,一般句型是：sb.was about to do sth.when suddenly sth.unexpected happened.
本题有待进一步考证.
4.The earthquake and the heavy losses _____ contributed to disabled the family to afford his education.
A.that B.it C.what D.which
答案是B,这题完全没看懂.
答：此题句确实不好懂.主句结构是：A and B (定语从句） disabled sb.to do sth.
译：这场地震及其引起的惨重损失使家里不能供他上学.
析：it contributed to 是省略了关系代词的定语从句.it指代这场地震.定语从句还原就是：It (=the earthquake contributed to the heavy losses) 省略了的关系代词that指代先行词the heavy losses,在从句中作contributed to的宾语 contributed to相当于led to/resulted in,导致.
5.-Do you smoke?
-No,I don't.But I used to.It's two years since I ______ .
A.smoked B.didn't smoke C.have smoked D.began to smoke
答案是A,为何不是完成时?
答：最后一个是句型：It is (= has been) + some time since sth.happened.自从某事发生以来,时间已经有多久了.而since后一般短暂性动词,用延续性动词很少的,翻译时要反过来（有的语法书上有所论及,其实是人工造句,不要全信,有时间别贴讨论）
译：你抽烟吗?
不.我不抽.但我以前曾经抽过.自从我戒烟以来,到现在已经有两年了.
如果你问：为什么不是B,为什么不是D,为什么since I smoked 要译为自从我戒烟以来,不是自从我抽烟以来,就又有很多可讲了.你另贴问,另贴回吧.
再问： 对哦，为何这题译为自从我戒烟以来？？ 麻烦解释，分数后面追加给你。谢谢。
再答： 答：这是很老套的英语语法点。现在避免这么出这样的题了。 我们知道，since 一个时间点，表示自从这个时点点以来到现在为止，主句用现在完成时，主句动作用延续性动词。这个时间点是相对的。如：since six o'clock, since last week/ month/ year, since 1997. 这些介词since 后面的时间点，有钟点，有周，有月甚至是年！但相对于主句的延续而言，只是一个点。如：It is ( has been) 14 years since 1997. 从为连词，since 后面可以跟一个从句：since sth. happened，这个happened一般都是短暂性动词，用来表示一个时间点：It is(=has been) 14 years since Hongkong returned to China. 1997年尽管有365天，但是，在时间轴上，我们将它画成一个点！ 1997 Now --+-------------------------------------------------------------> time || 待续