大师作文网人教版初二下册英语1~5单元重点知识 明天早上要用!
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人教版初二下册英语1~5单元重点知识 明天早上要用!
1. in/after/later
1） in表示从现在开始一段时间以后,它往往和一般将来时肯定句连用.如：
I'm coming back in a minute． He will reach here in two days．
2） after表示以过去的某一时间为起点,“过……之后”,其后既可接时间点,又可接时间段.但是,如果after用于一般将来时,那么其后应接时间点.如：
He left there after two o'clock that afternoon．
They started to go again after two days．
I think he'll come here after three o'clock．
3） later指“以后”、“后来”,可以指过去,也可指将来,是副词,常常放在时间段的名词之后.如：
Three days later he got to Beijing． ＝After three days he got to Beijing．
2. alone/lonely
Alone: （处境）1） adv. 单独；独自
• She went home alone. When his wife died, he lived alone.
2） adv. 仅仅；只有 only He alone can do it. =Only he can do it .
• 3)形容词 adj. 单独的 He is alone. 他独自一人.
Lonely: 1) (感情)形容词 adj. 孤独的；寂寞的
I was alone, but I did not feel lonely. 我虽然孤单,但我不感到寂寞.
2) 形容词 adj. 偏远的；人迹罕至的
• They went to a lonely place in the mountains.
3. can /be able to
1)两者均可表示能力,有时可互换：He can [is able to] drive. He was able to [could] run very fast.
2)但两者有以下区别需注意：be able to 不仅有多种时态形式(通常不用于进行时或与 be going to 连用), 而且还可以与某些情态动词连用(通常不与 can 连用), 甚至还可以有非谓语形式：He will be able to drive in a few weeks. You might be able to persuade him. I hope to be able to do the work. He has not been able to go to school for a week. I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她.以上用法中的 be able to 均不能用 can 替换.
4.dress/put on /wear /in
put on,dress,wear,in这四个词语都有“穿、戴”的意思,但它们不是同义词,甚至也不是近义词.前三个词为动词,可以用作谓语,最后一个为介词,此介词短语只能作表语、定语或状语.
put on 表示“穿上,戴上”,为动态,宾语是衣帽等
It’s cold outside. Please put on your coat. / put it on.
dress也表示“穿上衣服”,为动态,但宾语通常是人,或反身代词,常用于被动语态
Jim isn't old enough to dress himself.
The lady was dressed in a blue coat and large funny hat.
wear表示“穿着、戴着”,为静态,宾语为衣帽等
Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.
in 也表示“穿着”,为静态
In the play, she was in a bright red dress and long black stockings.
情态动词might可以表示允许或请求,也可以表示没有把握的推测,通常可以译为“可能、可以”.例如：It might be difficult for them to talk.
4. fewer/less
5. on,in和with
on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒,乘坐交通工具等；
in：使用语言文字等媒介；
with：借助具体的手段或工具.
e.g. I don’t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don’t write it with a red pen.
Will people use money in 100 years?
“in+时间”结构常与一般将来时连用,对其进行提问时用特殊疑问词how soon.
make predictions 做预测
1. free time 空闲时间
2. fly rockets to the moon…乘飞船飞往月球
3. on a space station 在太空站上
4. study at home on computers呆在家里通过电脑学习
5. live to be 200 years old 活到200岁
6. fall/be in love with sth./ sb. 爱上某物/某人
7. keep pets 养宠物
8. be able to 能够
9. predict the future 预测未来
10. come true 实现
11. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事（的全过程）
doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事（片断）
12. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
13. hundreds of 数以百计的
14. try to do sth. 尽力做某事
15. look smart 看上去聪明
16. look for 寻找
17. twenty years from now 从现在算起20年
from now on = in the future 今后
18. do the same things as us我们做同样的事情
19. live alone 一个人住
fewer people /less free time 更少的人/更少的空闲时间
1. in ten years 10年后
2. twenty years from now =in twenty years 今后20年
3. fall in love with… 爱上…
5. live alone/ feel lonely 单独居住/感到孤独
4. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪
5. fly rockets to the moon 乘火箭飞上月球
6. hundreds of /thousands of/millions of +复数 数百/千/百万
7. the same as / be different from 和……相同/不同
8. wake up/wake sb. up 醒来/唤醒某人
9. get bored 变得厌倦
10. at/on the weekends 在周末
11. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习
12. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)
13. a piece of paper/information/news/advice 一张纸/一条信息/建议
14. on vacation 度假
15. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
16. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/
17. as a reporter 作为一名记者
18. look smart 看上去整洁/显得精神/看起来聪明
19. in the future 在将来/在未来
20. be in college 在上大学
21. live on a space station 住在空间站
22. dress casually / casual clothing 穿得很随意/ 休闲服饰
23. win the next World Cup /awards 赢得世界杯/获奖
24. come true 变成现实
25. be fun to watch 看起来有趣
26. over and over again 一次又一次
27. be in different shapes 形状不同
4．less adj. 较少的；少量的（little的比较级）
They buy less beer and fewer cigarettes now
现在他们买的啤酒和香烟比以前少了.
[注] fewer 也表示较少的,少量的. 但less和fewer有区别
less 一般修饰不可数名词. fewer 修饰可数名词.
Today,fewer people like smoking.
今天,喜欢吸烟的人少了.
Our leisure time is less and less.
我们的闲暇时间越来越少了.
5．besides prep. 而且；再者；还有（区别于 beside “在…旁边；在…附近”）
I sit beside John.
我坐在约翰旁边.
He tried two ways besides.
他另外还试了两种方法.
6．go swimming 去游泳
类似的短语还有：
go skating 去滑冰 go fishing 去钓鱼
go shopping 去买东西 go hiking 去远足
7．bo on vacation 度假
Where will go be on vacation?
你将去哪儿度假
8．In ten years 十年后
I′ll be a reporter in ten years.
十年后我会是一个记者
I′ll be a hero in ten years.
十年后我又是一条好汉.
9．fall in love with 爱上…
fall in love with a girl 爱上一个女孩
fall in love with a country 爱上一个国家
[注] fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它与feel（感觉）很像.
fall→fell→fallen
feel→felt→felt.
10．alone adj.（只作表语） adv. 独自；单独
He was alone in the house
他一个人在屋里
I went to the movies alone,I felt lonely.
我独自去看电影了,我觉得很孤独
[注] alone
表示“单独的,独自一人的”,不含感情色彩.做形容词时,只能在be动词或系动词之后做表语与lonely不同,lonely表示“孤独的,寂寞的”含有丰富的感情色彩.lonely做形容词时,可做定语和表语.如:
a lonely village 孤寂的村庄.
11．keep vt.& vi.
keep 有好几个意思,在本课中做“饲养；喂养”讲,相当于feed.
keep a pet parrot 养一只宠物鹦鹉
feed a cat with fish 给猫喂鱼
（1）保住；保留：I’ll try my best to keep my job. 我要尽力保住我的工作.
（2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（这对我来说可是太难了）
（3）保持（某状态）：Keep silent! 保持沉默!
Keep top side up! 请勿倒放!（“保持上方朝上”不就是“请勿倒放”吗?）
（4）继续；持续：The
1） in表示从现在开始一段时间以后,它往往和一般将来时肯定句连用.如：
I'm coming back in a minute． He will reach here in two days．
2） after表示以过去的某一时间为起点,“过……之后”,其后既可接时间点,又可接时间段.但是,如果after用于一般将来时,那么其后应接时间点.如：
He left there after two o'clock that afternoon．
They started to go again after two days．
I think he'll come here after three o'clock．
3） later指“以后”、“后来”,可以指过去,也可指将来,是副词,常常放在时间段的名词之后.如：
Three days later he got to Beijing． ＝After three days he got to Beijing．
2. alone/lonely
Alone: （处境）1） adv. 单独；独自
• She went home alone. When his wife died, he lived alone.
2） adv. 仅仅；只有 only He alone can do it. =Only he can do it .
• 3)形容词 adj. 单独的 He is alone. 他独自一人.
Lonely: 1) (感情)形容词 adj. 孤独的；寂寞的
I was alone, but I did not feel lonely. 我虽然孤单,但我不感到寂寞.
2) 形容词 adj. 偏远的；人迹罕至的
• They went to a lonely place in the mountains.
3. can /be able to
1)两者均可表示能力,有时可互换：He can [is able to] drive. He was able to [could] run very fast.
2)但两者有以下区别需注意：be able to 不仅有多种时态形式(通常不用于进行时或与 be going to 连用), 而且还可以与某些情态动词连用(通常不与 can 连用), 甚至还可以有非谓语形式：He will be able to drive in a few weeks. You might be able to persuade him. I hope to be able to do the work. He has not been able to go to school for a week. I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她.以上用法中的 be able to 均不能用 can 替换.
4.dress/put on /wear /in
put on,dress,wear,in这四个词语都有“穿、戴”的意思,但它们不是同义词,甚至也不是近义词.前三个词为动词,可以用作谓语,最后一个为介词,此介词短语只能作表语、定语或状语.
put on 表示“穿上,戴上”,为动态,宾语是衣帽等
It’s cold outside. Please put on your coat. / put it on.
dress也表示“穿上衣服”,为动态,但宾语通常是人,或反身代词,常用于被动语态
Jim isn't old enough to dress himself.
The lady was dressed in a blue coat and large funny hat.
wear表示“穿着、戴着”,为静态,宾语为衣帽等
Last year in another play, she had to wear short socks and a bright, orange-coloured dress.
in 也表示“穿着”,为静态
In the play, she was in a bright red dress and long black stockings.
情态动词might可以表示允许或请求,也可以表示没有把握的推测,通常可以译为“可能、可以”.例如：It might be difficult for them to talk.
4. fewer/less
5. on,in和with
on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒,乘坐交通工具等；
in：使用语言文字等媒介；
with：借助具体的手段或工具.
e.g. I don’t want to talk about it on the phone.
Can you speak it in English?
Don’t write it with a red pen.
Will people use money in 100 years?
“in+时间”结构常与一般将来时连用,对其进行提问时用特殊疑问词how soon.
make predictions 做预测
1. free time 空闲时间
2. fly rockets to the moon…乘飞船飞往月球
3. on a space station 在太空站上
4. study at home on computers呆在家里通过电脑学习
5. live to be 200 years old 活到200岁
6. fall/be in love with sth./ sb. 爱上某物/某人
7. keep pets 养宠物
8. be able to 能够
9. predict the future 预测未来
10. come true 实现
11. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事（的全过程）
doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事（片断）
12. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事
13. hundreds of 数以百计的
14. try to do sth. 尽力做某事
15. look smart 看上去聪明
16. look for 寻找
17. twenty years from now 从现在算起20年
from now on = in the future 今后
18. do the same things as us我们做同样的事情
19. live alone 一个人住
fewer people /less free time 更少的人/更少的空闲时间
1. in ten years 10年后
2. twenty years from now =in twenty years 今后20年
3. fall in love with… 爱上…
5. live alone/ feel lonely 单独居住/感到孤独
4. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪
5. fly rockets to the moon 乘火箭飞上月球
6. hundreds of /thousands of/millions of +复数 数百/千/百万
7. the same as / be different from 和……相同/不同
8. wake up/wake sb. up 醒来/唤醒某人
9. get bored 变得厌倦
10. at/on the weekends 在周末
11. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习
12. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见)
13. a piece of paper/information/news/advice 一张纸/一条信息/建议
14. on vacation 度假
15. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事
16. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/
17. as a reporter 作为一名记者
18. look smart 看上去整洁/显得精神/看起来聪明
19. in the future 在将来/在未来
20. be in college 在上大学
21. live on a space station 住在空间站
22. dress casually / casual clothing 穿得很随意/ 休闲服饰
23. win the next World Cup /awards 赢得世界杯/获奖
24. come true 变成现实
25. be fun to watch 看起来有趣
26. over and over again 一次又一次
27. be in different shapes 形状不同
4．less adj. 较少的；少量的（little的比较级）
They buy less beer and fewer cigarettes now
现在他们买的啤酒和香烟比以前少了.
[注] fewer 也表示较少的,少量的. 但less和fewer有区别
less 一般修饰不可数名词. fewer 修饰可数名词.
Today,fewer people like smoking.
今天,喜欢吸烟的人少了.
Our leisure time is less and less.
我们的闲暇时间越来越少了.
5．besides prep. 而且；再者；还有（区别于 beside “在…旁边；在…附近”）
I sit beside John.
我坐在约翰旁边.
He tried two ways besides.
他另外还试了两种方法.
6．go swimming 去游泳
类似的短语还有：
go skating 去滑冰 go fishing 去钓鱼
go shopping 去买东西 go hiking 去远足
7．bo on vacation 度假
Where will go be on vacation?
你将去哪儿度假
8．In ten years 十年后
I′ll be a reporter in ten years.
十年后我会是一个记者
I′ll be a hero in ten years.
十年后我又是一条好汉.
9．fall in love with 爱上…
fall in love with a girl 爱上一个女孩
fall in love with a country 爱上一个国家
[注] fall 是“陷入”的意思. 它与feel（感觉）很像.
fall→fell→fallen
feel→felt→felt.
10．alone adj.（只作表语） adv. 独自；单独
He was alone in the house
他一个人在屋里
I went to the movies alone,I felt lonely.
我独自去看电影了,我觉得很孤独
[注] alone
表示“单独的,独自一人的”,不含感情色彩.做形容词时,只能在be动词或系动词之后做表语与lonely不同,lonely表示“孤独的,寂寞的”含有丰富的感情色彩.lonely做形容词时,可做定语和表语.如:
a lonely village 孤寂的村庄.
11．keep vt.& vi.
keep 有好几个意思,在本课中做“饲养；喂养”讲,相当于feed.
keep a pet parrot 养一只宠物鹦鹉
feed a cat with fish 给猫喂鱼
（1）保住；保留：I’ll try my best to keep my job. 我要尽力保住我的工作.
（2）保守（秘密）：keep a secret（这对我来说可是太难了）
（3）保持（某状态）：Keep silent! 保持沉默!
Keep top side up! 请勿倒放!（“保持上方朝上”不就是“请勿倒放”吗?）
（4）继续；持续：The