A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the amount

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A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the amount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduates earned.
此句中,earned 后面的that's 语法上怎么理解?修饰amount?

这个句子不对吧?
去掉that ,或者把that 放到amount 的后面就对了,修饰amount 的是定语从句that college graduates earned ,充当earned 的宾语,所以that也可以省略
2008年两个哈佛经济学家所作的一个调查指出,大学毕业生所挣的数量大于高中毕业生所挣的.
再问：这是六级试卷中阅读中的一句话，我检查过了，原句就是这样。
再答：嗯，我看过原文啦，但是，你省略了一部分，原文是： A 2008 study by two Harvard economists notes that the "labor-market premium to skill"-or the amount college graduates earned that's greater than what high-school graduate earned-decreased for much of the 20th century, but has come back with a vengeance (报复性地) since the 1980s. 本句that 引导一个很长的宾语从句，作notes的宾语，该宾语从句中，主语是 "labor-market premium to skill"，谓语有两个，由but连接，即decreased和has come back，这两个谓语恰好被你省略了，所以理解错了。两个破折号中间的内容是插入语，解释说明"labor-market premium to skill"，在该插入语中，中心词是the amount ,没有谓语，宾语，后面连续跟了两个定语从句修饰the amount, 即 (that)college graduates earned（that 可省略）和 that's greater than what high-school graduates earned. 其实，你也能在这两者之间加个and,变成并列定语从句的。当连续两个定语从句都由that引导时，第一个能省略时可以省略，第二个一定不能省略。破折号附近的内容可以这样翻译：“劳动力市场给技能的额外收益”--或者说大学毕业生挣的比高中毕业生多挣的钱（大学毕业生比高中毕业生挣的多的那部分钱）我试图用另种方式，一个定语从句去翻译，可是还没想到，你想到了告诉我一声吧！望采纳，谢谢！

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