英语翻译5 ConclusionThe effects and mechanisms of heavy metal de

英语翻译
5 Conclusion
The effects and mechanisms of heavy metal deposition on the forest ecosystem are diverse.The deposition of heavy metals has increased up to 30 km distance from the smelter.At 8 km distance the ecosystem began to approximate an undisturbed ecosystem where only slight changes in the understorey vegetation were observed.At 4 km distance the species composition of different ecosystem components (vegetation,insects,birds,soil microbiota) had changed and the growth of trees was retarded.At 0.5–1 km distance,where the nutrient cycling was disturbed and only the most resistant organisms were surviving,the ecosystem has ceased to carry out its essential functions.
The main fi ndings were i) copper was strongly bound to organic layer and seemed to be the main pollutant in the ecosystem while zinc was the most mobile element and did not accumulate to any specifi c part of the ecosystem,ii) the forest mosses and epiphytic lichens were the most sensitive plant species and the seedlings of the vascular plants that had survived near the smelter were absent,iii) there was a highly resistant soil decomposer community near the smelter although the activity of the soil animals and microbiota was low and their community structure altered,iv) many insect species also suffered from pollution although the adverse effects caused by forest pests increased with pollutant load,v) the low survival rate and breeding success of hole-nesting passerines near the smelter was caused by habitat changes and the quality of food,vi) the adverse effects seem to be to some extent reversible after decreased pollutant load or remediation actions.

5结论
重金属的证言作用和机制在森林生态系是不同的.重金属的证言增加了从精炼工的30公里距离.在8公里距离生态系开始接近未受干扰的生态系,在understorey植被上的仅轻微的变化被观察.在不同的生态系组分的4公里距离(植被、昆虫、鸟,土壤microbiota)树种组成改变了和树成长被减速了.在0.5-1公里距离,营养素循环被干扰,并且仅最抗性的有机体生存,生态系停止执行它的根本作用.主要fi ndings是i)铜强烈一定到有机层数、并且似乎是主要污染物在生态系、当锌是最流动的元素,并且没有积累对生态系时的任何specifi c零件,ii)森林青苔和附生植物地衣是含羞草种类,并且在精炼工附近生存了是缺席维管束植物的幼木,iii)有一个高度抗性土壤decomposer社区在精炼工附近、虽然土壤动物和microbiota的活动是低的、并且他们的修改过的社区结构、iv)许多昆虫种类也遭受污染、虽然森林造成的不利影响虫增加了与污染物装载、v)孔嵌套雀形目鸟的低生存率和繁殖的成功在精炼工附近是由栖所变动造成的,并且食物的质量,vi)不利影响似乎在某种程度上是双面布料在减少的污染物装载或治疗行动以后.