beside except都不能放在句首?

beside except都不能放在句首?

esides、except、but 等作介词时的用法
表示“除了”之意的besides、except、except for、but等介词的运用,是试题命题人常常考虑的一个项目.
一、besides“除了…以外,还有…”,它常用在含有also,another,more,other,else,too等词的句子中.besides引起的部分可置于句首或句末,其后通常接名词、代词、动名词（短语）、动词原形（若besides前有动词do时,见下文第三个例句）或what从句等.例：
Besides his wife, his daughter also went swimming.
除了他爱人以外,他女儿也去游泳了.
We need fifteen more people besides our team to do the job.
除了我们全队以外,还需要15人来做这项工作.
What else did you do besides writing/write the letter?
除了写了那封信外,你还干了什么?
此外,在否定句中,besides表示“除…之外（不再有）”,这时可以与except、but互换.例：
Nobody knows it besides/except/but me.
除我以外,谁也不知道那件事.
二、except“除…之外,没有…”,着重强调在同类人或物中除去的一个或几个特殊的人或物,表示减除的概念,即“不包括”.它常与all, every, everyone, everything, any, anywhere, no,nobody, nowhere, none, nothing等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用.except引起的部分在通常情况下位于句末,其后可跟名词、代词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词（短语）、that从句以及 wh-等引导的句子.例：
We all attended the meeting except Xiao Li.
除小李外,我们都参加了会议.
I looked everywhere except in the bedroom.
除了卧室外,我到处都找遍了.
She will do everything except lend you money.
她除了借给你钱之外,什么都愿意做.
I know nothing about him except what I read in the newspaper.
除了在报纸上所看到的以外,我对他的情况一无所知.
She usually goes to work by bike except when it rains. (= on rainy days)
除了雨天,她一般都骑自行车上班.
三、except for是个复合介词,具有否定含义,常译作“除…以外,其它都…”,表示在说明整个基本情况后,再对谈论的对象在细节上加以说明或修正,一般指从完美的整体中除去存在的不足.except for引起的部分可置于句首或句末,其后除开的部分通常不是同类的.例：
Your composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误外,你的作文写得很好.
Except for a desk or two, the classroom was empty.
除了一两张课桌外,这个教室是空的.
注：except for +名词或短语时,可以转换成except that从句形式.如：
Your composition is good except that there are a few spelling
mistakes.
四、but“除…外,其余都或都不…”,它和except的用法基本相同,都表示减除概念,一般情况下可以互换,通常置于句末,着重强调整句的内容,它习惯上只用于every, any, all, everybody, anything, anywhere,nobody, no, none以及who, what, where等词之后,其后可接名词、代词、形容词、动词不定式等.例：
She seldom talked of anything but painting.
除了绘画,她很少谈论别的.
There is no one here but Mary and Tom.
除了玛丽和汤姆,这里没有别人.
Who but a fool would do such a thing?
除了傻瓜外,谁会干这种事?
注：尽管except和but常可换用,但在下列情况多用but：
1.前面有不定代词、疑问代词在意义上对称时.
2.当句中有no、all、nobody、who、where等时.
3.介词后接带to的动词不定式短语为排除对象时.且注意：若but前面的句子中含有实义动词do,does,doing,did,done,to do等形式时,其后要省去不定式符号to；否则要保留to.例：
He did nothing but watch TV last night.（省去to）
昨晚除了看电视以外,别的他什么也没有干.
The girl had no choice but to burst into tears.（保留to）
那个女孩除了放声大哭,别无选择.
巩固练习（选择最佳答案或用可以填入空白处的介词填空）：
1.My father went nowhere the library yesterday.
A.except B. except to C. besides D.but
2.She has always been busy_____it is Sunday.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. except when
3. Her books seem to be everywhere_____they ought to be.
A. except for B. except that C. except where D. except when
4.While watching TV, he still felt angry that their parents went to the park_____him.
A. without B. except C. but D. besides
5.Does John know any other foreign language French?
A.except B.but C.besides D.beside
6. the policemen on duty, the street was empty.
7.This suit fits me well the trousers are a bit too long.
8.Little Tom never came he was in trouble.
9.Jack has no relatives an aged aunt.
10.I know nothing_____I have told them.
11. English,we have Chinese,maths and some other subjects.
参考答案：
1.B 2.D 3. C 4.A 5.C
6.Except for 7.except that 8.except when
9.besides/except/but 10. besides/except what 11.Besides