大师作文网求一段有关视觉误差的英文的翻译
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求一段有关视觉误差的英文的翻译
The visual system needs to determine the color of objects in the world. In this case the problem is to determine the gray shade of the checks on the floor. Just measuring the light coming from a surface (the luminance) is not enough: a cast shadow will dim a surface, so that a white surface in shadow may be reflecting less light than a black surface in full light. The visual system uses several tricks to determine where the shadows are and how to compensate for them, in order to determine the shade of gray "paint" that belongs to the surface.
The first trick is based on local contrast. In shadow or not, a check that is lighter than its neighboring checks is probably lighter than average, and vice versa. In the figure, the light check in shadow is surrounded by darker checks. Thus, even though the check is physically dark, it is light when compared to its neighbors. The dark checks outside the shadow, conversely, are surrounded by lighter checks, so they look dark by comparison.
A second trick is based on the fact that shadows often have soft edges, while paint boundaries (like the checks) often have sharp edges. The visual system tends to ignore gradual changes in light level, so that it can determine the color of the surfaces without being misled by shadows. In this figure, the shadow looks like a shadow, both because it is fuzzy and because the shadow casting object is visible.
The "paintness" of the checks is aided by the form of the "X-junctions" formed by 4 abutting checks. This type of junction is usually a signal that all the edges should be interpreted as changes in surface color rather than in terms of shadows or lighting.
As with many so-called illusions, this effect really demonstrates the success rather than the failure of the visual system. The visual system is not very good at being a physical light meter, but that is not its purpose. The important task is to break the image information down into meaningful components, and thereby perceive the nature of the objects in view.
The visual system needs to determine the color of objects in the world. In this case the problem is to determine the gray shade of the checks on the floor. Just measuring the light coming from a surface (the luminance) is not enough: a cast shadow will dim a surface, so that a white surface in shadow may be reflecting less light than a black surface in full light. The visual system uses several tricks to determine where the shadows are and how to compensate for them, in order to determine the shade of gray "paint" that belongs to the surface.
The first trick is based on local contrast. In shadow or not, a check that is lighter than its neighboring checks is probably lighter than average, and vice versa. In the figure, the light check in shadow is surrounded by darker checks. Thus, even though the check is physically dark, it is light when compared to its neighbors. The dark checks outside the shadow, conversely, are surrounded by lighter checks, so they look dark by comparison.
A second trick is based on the fact that shadows often have soft edges, while paint boundaries (like the checks) often have sharp edges. The visual system tends to ignore gradual changes in light level, so that it can determine the color of the surfaces without being misled by shadows. In this figure, the shadow looks like a shadow, both because it is fuzzy and because the shadow casting object is visible.
The "paintness" of the checks is aided by the form of the "X-junctions" formed by 4 abutting checks. This type of junction is usually a signal that all the edges should be interpreted as changes in surface color rather than in terms of shadows or lighting.
As with many so-called illusions, this effect really demonstrates the success rather than the failure of the visual system. The visual system is not very good at being a physical light meter, but that is not its purpose. The important task is to break the image information down into meaningful components, and thereby perceive the nature of the objects in view.
视觉系统需要决定颜色物体在世界上.在这情况问题将决定那灰色支票的色度在那之上地板.仅仅测量那光来临从一表面 (亮度) 是不充足:一阵容图像意志暗淡的一表面,所以一白色的表面在图像可能反映较不光超过黑色表面在全部光.那视觉系统使用一些诡计决定哪里那遮蔽是和如何偿还为他们,为了要决定那渐变灰色 " 油漆 " 哪一属于那表面.
第一个诡计以地方为基础差别.在图像,支票哪一是点火者超过它的附近检查或许点火者超过平均,和反之亦然.在身材,那光检查在图像是包围被黑暗的检查.因此,即使支票身体上地黑暗,它是光当与它的相较邻居.那黑暗检查外面那图像,相反地,是包围被点火者检查,因此他们神情黑暗藉着比较.
一第二诡计以事实为基础图像时常有软的优势,当油漆的时候边界 (同类那支票) 时常有高调边缘.视觉系统倾向到不理睬逐渐的变化在光中消除,所以它能决定那颜色那表面没有存在误导被图像.在这一个身材,那图像看起来像一图像,两者的因为它是模糊而且因为那图像投掷物体是看得见的.
支票的 " 油漆 " 是援助被那形式 " X- 联接 " 形成 4 邻接的检查.这类型的联接通常是一个信号所有的那边缘应该是解释当做变化在表面色中不愿在期限图像或照明.
关于多数所谓的幻影,这效果真的示范成功并非视觉系统的失败.视觉系统在作为一个身体的曝光计不是最善行,但是它的目的不是.重要的工作是到休息那图像数据进入意义深长的成份之内 落,而且藉此感觉性质那物体在视野.
第一个诡计以地方为基础差别.在图像,支票哪一是点火者超过它的附近检查或许点火者超过平均,和反之亦然.在身材,那光检查在图像是包围被黑暗的检查.因此,即使支票身体上地黑暗,它是光当与它的相较邻居.那黑暗检查外面那图像,相反地,是包围被点火者检查,因此他们神情黑暗藉着比较.
一第二诡计以事实为基础图像时常有软的优势,当油漆的时候边界 (同类那支票) 时常有高调边缘.视觉系统倾向到不理睬逐渐的变化在光中消除,所以它能决定那颜色那表面没有存在误导被图像.在这一个身材,那图像看起来像一图像,两者的因为它是模糊而且因为那图像投掷物体是看得见的.
支票的 " 油漆 " 是援助被那形式 " X- 联接 " 形成 4 邻接的检查.这类型的联接通常是一个信号所有的那边缘应该是解释当做变化在表面色中不愿在期限图像或照明.
关于多数所谓的幻影,这效果真的示范成功并非视觉系统的失败.视觉系统在作为一个身体的曝光计不是最善行,但是它的目的不是.重要的工作是到休息那图像数据进入意义深长的成份之内 落,而且藉此感觉性质那物体在视野.