什么是英语逻辑思维?
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什么是英语逻辑思维?
笔者一直被一个问题所困扰:
“
从初中到高中,学生积累了一定的词汇和语法知识,经历了
数次考试,学习也可谓勤奋,但为何依旧成效甚微,不该犯的错误却屡见不鲜
”
其具体表
现为:词汇方面词义范围不分,词性不分,忽视搭配等;语法上主谓不一致,粘连句,虚
词错误等;语用上忽视语境,中英文一一对应等.长期教学实践中,笔者终于找到其症结
所在
------
汉语固有的逻辑思维模式.汉语作为一种东方语言,英语作为一种西方语言,它
们之间所蕴涵的逻辑思维是截然相反的.如对地址的表达,汉语的逻辑思维是从大到小,
如:某省某市某县某镇;而英语的逻辑思维是从小到大,如:某镇某县某市某省.认真分
析的话,我们会发现:从简单的词汇,到复杂的语句成分构成,再到地道的语用,两种语
言的逻辑思维完全是南辕北辙!正是如此,从而导致了解题和语用中错误不断.为此,经
过探讨和总结,特将英语中常用的几种逻辑思维模式总结如下,以达抛砖引玉.
一
分隔
“
”
分隔是指在两个本应紧紧相连的两个成分或两个分句之间,插入其它成分从而被隔开的一
种语序变动现象.分隔现象是英语和汉语之间的一个显著区别,因此最容易干扰我们对句
意,文意的理解,打断正常的解题思路.能起分隔作用的有短语(介词短语,分词短语和
不定式短语等)
,从句和附加成分(插入语,同位语,独立成分等)
.常见分隔方式如下:
1
主谓分隔
⑴
He,however,didn’t understand at all the theory on which I based my invention.
(然而,他对我发明的理论基础一窍不通.
)
⑵
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,which,of course,
made the others envy him.
(海伦对她小儿子比对其他孩子和善得多,当然这遭到其他孩
子的嫉妒.
)
⑶
Anyway,that evening,which I’ll tell you more about later,ended up staying at
Rachel’s
place.
(不管怎样,那天晚上我就呆在了
Rachel
的住所,这件事我以后还会和
你讲.
)
2
动宾分隔
It is better for you to take with you whatever you need most anytime.
(你最好把你最
需要的任何东西都带走.
)
All of us demanded of him whether he had heard from her recently.
(我们大家都问他
最近是否收到她的来信.
)
3
系表分隔
Einstein was in the eyes of a young friend,a simple,modest and ordinary man.
(在
青年朋友眼里,爱因斯坦是位纯朴,谦逊的普通人.
)
4
定语分隔
There is no report to us of any accident.
(没有向我们作任何有关事故方面的报道.
)
5
定语从句与先行词分隔
The days are gone when we Chinese were bullied by the invaders.
(中国人受侵略者
欺负的日子一去不复返了.
)
6
同位语与先行词分隔
The question sometimes comes to my mind whether it was worth the effort.
(有时我
会想到这样一个问题:是否值得花这么大力气.
)
Ther
e is no doubt,in my opinion,that what matters is not one’s looks,but one’s
inner thoughts.
(我深信,不是一个人的外表重要,而是他的内在.
)
7
介宾分隔
I am not interested in,to tell the truth,this town and its people.
(实话告诉你,我对这
“
从初中到高中,学生积累了一定的词汇和语法知识,经历了
数次考试,学习也可谓勤奋,但为何依旧成效甚微,不该犯的错误却屡见不鲜
”
其具体表
现为:词汇方面词义范围不分,词性不分,忽视搭配等;语法上主谓不一致,粘连句,虚
词错误等;语用上忽视语境,中英文一一对应等.长期教学实践中,笔者终于找到其症结
所在
------
汉语固有的逻辑思维模式.汉语作为一种东方语言,英语作为一种西方语言,它
们之间所蕴涵的逻辑思维是截然相反的.如对地址的表达,汉语的逻辑思维是从大到小,
如:某省某市某县某镇;而英语的逻辑思维是从小到大,如:某镇某县某市某省.认真分
析的话,我们会发现:从简单的词汇,到复杂的语句成分构成,再到地道的语用,两种语
言的逻辑思维完全是南辕北辙!正是如此,从而导致了解题和语用中错误不断.为此,经
过探讨和总结,特将英语中常用的几种逻辑思维模式总结如下,以达抛砖引玉.
一
分隔
“
”
分隔是指在两个本应紧紧相连的两个成分或两个分句之间,插入其它成分从而被隔开的一
种语序变动现象.分隔现象是英语和汉语之间的一个显著区别,因此最容易干扰我们对句
意,文意的理解,打断正常的解题思路.能起分隔作用的有短语(介词短语,分词短语和
不定式短语等)
,从句和附加成分(插入语,同位语,独立成分等)
.常见分隔方式如下:
1
主谓分隔
⑴
He,however,didn’t understand at all the theory on which I based my invention.
(然而,他对我发明的理论基础一窍不通.
)
⑵
Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,which,of course,
made the others envy him.
(海伦对她小儿子比对其他孩子和善得多,当然这遭到其他孩
子的嫉妒.
)
⑶
Anyway,that evening,which I’ll tell you more about later,ended up staying at
Rachel’s
place.
(不管怎样,那天晚上我就呆在了
Rachel
的住所,这件事我以后还会和
你讲.
)
2
动宾分隔
It is better for you to take with you whatever you need most anytime.
(你最好把你最
需要的任何东西都带走.
)
All of us demanded of him whether he had heard from her recently.
(我们大家都问他
最近是否收到她的来信.
)
3
系表分隔
Einstein was in the eyes of a young friend,a simple,modest and ordinary man.
(在
青年朋友眼里,爱因斯坦是位纯朴,谦逊的普通人.
)
4
定语分隔
There is no report to us of any accident.
(没有向我们作任何有关事故方面的报道.
)
5
定语从句与先行词分隔
The days are gone when we Chinese were bullied by the invaders.
(中国人受侵略者
欺负的日子一去不复返了.
)
6
同位语与先行词分隔
The question sometimes comes to my mind whether it was worth the effort.
(有时我
会想到这样一个问题:是否值得花这么大力气.
)
Ther
e is no doubt,in my opinion,that what matters is not one’s looks,but one’s
inner thoughts.
(我深信,不是一个人的外表重要,而是他的内在.
)
7
介宾分隔
I am not interested in,to tell the truth,this town and its people.
(实话告诉你,我对这