英语翻译Many eukaryotic cell types undergo size-dependent cell c

英语翻译
Many eukaryotic cell types undergo size-dependent cell cycle tran-
sitions controlled by the ubiquitous cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1
(refs 1–4).The proteins that control Cdk1 activity are well
described but their links with mechanisms monitoring cell size
remain elusive.In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe,
cells enter mitosis and divide at a defined and reproducible size
owing to the regulated activity of Cdk1 (refs 2,3).Here we show
that the cell polarity protein kinase Pom1,which localizes to cell
ends5
,regulates a signalling network that contributes to the con-
trol of mitotic entry.This network is located at cortical nodes in
the middle of interphase cells,and these nodes contain the Cdk1
inhibitorWee1,theWee1-inhibitory kinases Cdr1 (also known as
Nim1) and Cdr2,and the anillin-like protein Mid1.Cdr2 estab-
lishes the hierarchical localization of other proteins in the nodes,
and receives negative regulatory signals fromPom1.Pom1 forms a
polar gradient extending fromthe cell ends towards the cellmiddle
and acts as a dose-dependent inhibitor of mitotic entry,working
through the Cdr2 pathway.As cells elongate,Pom1 levels decrease
at the cell middle,leading to mitotic entry.We propose that the
Pom1 polar gradient and the medial cortical nodes generate
information about cell size and coordinate this with mitotic entry
by regulating Cdk1 through Pom1,Cdr2,Cdr1 and Wee1.

许多真核细胞类型经历一个大小决定的细胞循环转移,这个循环转移被普遍存在的细胞周期蛋白决定型的激活酶Cdk1所控制.控制Cdk1活性的蛋白被很好的表达了,但他们与机制监管细胞的大小之间关系仍然令人难以理解.在裂殖酵母S中,细胞进行细胞分裂,分裂成特定的而可再生的大小,这些都是由于Cdk1的常规活动.在此我们给出这些细胞的极化蛋白激活酶Pom1,Pom1位于细胞Ends5.
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