过去分词有完成和被动的意思,可作伴随状语时,怎么可能有完成的意思呢

过去分词有完成和被动的意思,可作伴随状语时,怎么可能有完成的意思呢

做伴随情况的时候,有时候可以理解为完成的意思.比如说With all the things done,he went to have a rest at last.就可以翻译为随着工作的结束,他也终于可以休息了.
分词的相关知识分词作状语
As I didn't receive any letter from him,I gave him a call.
-> Not receiving any letter from him,I gave him a call.
由于没有收到他的信,我给他打了电话.
If more attention was given,the trees could have grown better.
-> Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.
假如多给些照顾,那些树会长得更好.
典型例题
1）_____ some officials,Napoleon inspected his army.
A.Followed B.Followed by C.Being followed D.Having been followed
答案B.Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义.being followed除表达被动之外,还有动作正在进行之意.followed by（被…跟随）.本题可改为：With some officials following,Napoleon inspected his army.
2）There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.
A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed
答案B.由于声音在闪电后,因此为声跟随着光,声音为跟随的发出者,为主动.用现在分词.
3）_______,liquids can be changed into gases.
A.Heating B.To be heated C.Heated D.Heat
答案C.本题要选一分词作为状语.现在分词表主动,正在进行的；过去分词表被动的,已经完成的.对于液体来说是加热的受动者,是被动的,因而选C.它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated,…
注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语.如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词.
(Being ) used for a long time,the book looks old.
由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧.
Using the book,I find it useful.
在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用.
分词的语态
1）通常,现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动,例如：
He is the man giving you the money.(= who gave you…) 他就是给你钱的那个人.
He is the man stopped by the car.( = who was stopped by…)
他就是那个被车拦住的人.
2）不及物动词的过去分词表示动作已经发生
gone,fallen,retired,grown-up,escaped,faded,returned
例:a well-read person.一个读过许多书的人
a much-travelled may 一个去过许多地方的人
a burnt-out match 烧完了的火柴
分词作表语
现在分词：表示主动,正在进行
过去分词：表示被动,已经完成
She looked tired with cooking.她由于忙着做饭,看上去有些疲倦.
He remained standing beside the table.他依然站在桌旁.