英语翻译如：In contrast to the design of reinforced concrete membe

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英语翻译
如：In contrast to the design of reinforced concrete members,the design of Class 1 and Class 2 prestressed concrete members is generally governed by the stress criteria IN SERVICE or AT TRANSFER,rather than by their ultimate strengths,though the latter must be checked.
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又如：Suppose the prestressing force in the tendon is P at transfer.
请问其中"in service or at transfer"
字面意思能解释,可放在句子里是什么意思呢?
liubuzhi770您说这两个是一个意思吗?但文献下一章节的标题是“Stresses at transfer”.而这一章节的标题是"Stresses in service",应该讲的不是一个东西吧?
有没有知道一些专业英语的朋友谈谈理解呢?

标准在有效期的in service
at transfer 标准在更新或者更换过程中
再问： “标准在更新或者更换过程中”？这话怎么理解呢？ in service我的理解是 “在正常使用状态时” 主要是at transfer不懂。。这是毕设的文献翻译。。
再答： by the stress criteria IN SERVICE or AT TRANSFER criteria 标准啊 in service就是说在使用的时候在这里标准在使用估计就是标准在有效期 at transfer 替换或者变更结合句意就是在替换或者更新时候这是我的理解哈

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