1、祈使句结构 2、反问疑问句结构
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1、祈使句结构 2、反问疑问句结构
祈使句用以表达命令,要求,请求,劝告等.
1)祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子).例如:
Take this seat. 坐这儿.
Do be careful. 务必小心.
否定结构:例如:
Don't move. 不准动.
Don't be late. 不要迟到.
2)第二种祈使句以let开头.
Let 的反意疑问句:
a. Let's 包括说话者.例如:
Let's have another try, shall we / shan't we? = Shall we have another try? 我们再试一次,如何?
b. Let us 不包括说话者.例如:
Let us have another try,will you / won't you? = Will you please let us have another try? 你让我们再试一次,好吗?
否定结构:例如:
Let's not talk of that matter. 不要谈这件事.
Let us not talk of that matter. 你不要让我们谈这件事.
反意疑问句
1)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.例如:
I'm as tall as your sister, aren't I? 我跟你姐一样高,对吗?
2)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语.例如:
I wish to have a word with you, may I? 我想与你说句话,行吗?
3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义.例如:
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ? 有些植物从不开花,对吗?
4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语.例如:
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 他应该知道该做什么,对吗?
5)陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语).例如:
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 我们要在明天早上八点到达那儿,是吗?
6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语.例如:
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他以前常在那儿拍照,是吗?
7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? 例如:
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 你最好自己去读,好吗?
8)陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语.例如:
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 他宁可读十遍也不愿意背诵,是吗?
9)陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语.例如:
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想和我们一块去,对吗?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定.例如:
He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他肯定是医生,是吗?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? 你一定读过三年英语,对吗?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任务的,是吗?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语.例如:
What colors, aren't they? 多漂亮的颜色,是吗?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定.
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 你不是工程师,我也不是,对吗?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it.例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就绪,是吗?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定.例如:
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
史密斯先生曾几次去过北京,按理说他现在应该在中国,是吗?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定.例如:
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he? 他说他想去日本看看,他是那样说的吗?
c. 陈述部分主句为第一人称,谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句.例如:
I don't think he is bright, is he? 我认为他并不聪明,是吗?
We believe she can do it better, can't she? 我们相信她能做得更好,她能吗?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he.例如:
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?) 人人都知道答案,是这样吧?
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 没人知道这件事,是吧?
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语.例如:
We need not do it again, need we ? 我们不必重做一遍,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这样说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语.例如:
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you.例如:
Don't do that again, will you? 别再这样做,好吗?
Go with me, will you / won't you ? 跟我走吧,好吗?
注意:Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you? 例如:
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 一起去听音乐,好吗?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? 你让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词.例如:
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? 你的表有问题,对不对?
There will not be any trouble, will there? 不会有麻烦吧,是吗?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式.例如:
It is impossible, isn't it? 这不可能,是吗?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 他不会对他同学使坏,是吗?
20) must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句.例如:
He must be there now, isn't he? 他现在肯定在那儿,是吧?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?
1)祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子).例如:
Take this seat. 坐这儿.
Do be careful. 务必小心.
否定结构:例如:
Don't move. 不准动.
Don't be late. 不要迟到.
2)第二种祈使句以let开头.
Let 的反意疑问句:
a. Let's 包括说话者.例如:
Let's have another try, shall we / shan't we? = Shall we have another try? 我们再试一次,如何?
b. Let us 不包括说话者.例如:
Let us have another try,will you / won't you? = Will you please let us have another try? 你让我们再试一次,好吗?
否定结构:例如:
Let's not talk of that matter. 不要谈这件事.
Let us not talk of that matter. 你不要让我们谈这件事.
反意疑问句
1)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用 aren't I.例如:
I'm as tall as your sister, aren't I? 我跟你姐一样高,对吗?
2)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语.例如:
I wish to have a word with you, may I? 我想与你说句话,行吗?
3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义.例如:
Some plants never blown (开花), do they ? 有些植物从不开花,对吗?
4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语.例如:
He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he? 他应该知道该做什么,对吗?
5)陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语).例如:
We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? 我们要在明天早上八点到达那儿,是吗?
6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语.例如:
He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he? 他以前常在那儿拍照,是吗?
7)陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you? 例如:
You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you? 你最好自己去读,好吗?
8)陈述部分有would rather +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语.例如:
He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he? 他宁可读十遍也不愿意背诵,是吗?
9)陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语.例如:
You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? 你想和我们一块去,对吗?
10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句,疑问部分根据实际情况而定.例如:
He must be a doctor, isn't he? 他肯定是医生,是吗?
You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you? 你一定读过三年英语,对吗?
He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he? 他肯定是在昨天完成任务的,是吗?
11) 感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语.例如:
What colors, aren't they? 多漂亮的颜色,是吗?
12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定.
Neither you nor I am engineer, are we? 你不是工程师,我也不是,对吗?
13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it.例如:
Everything is ready, isn't it? 一切就绪,是吗?
14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a. 并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定.例如:
Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
史密斯先生曾几次去过北京,按理说他现在应该在中国,是吗?
b. 带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定.例如:
He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he? 他说他想去日本看看,他是那样说的吗?
c. 陈述部分主句为第一人称,谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句.例如:
I don't think he is bright, is he? 我认为他并不聪明,是吗?
We believe she can do it better, can't she? 我们相信她能做得更好,她能吗?
15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he.例如:
Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?) 人人都知道答案,是这样吧?
Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?) 没人知道这件事,是吧?
16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语.例如:
We need not do it again, need we ? 我们不必重做一遍,是吗?
He dare not say so, dare he? 他不敢这样说,是吗?
当dare, need 为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do + 主语.例如:
She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she? 她不敢独自回家,是吗?
17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you.例如:
Don't do that again, will you? 别再这样做,好吗?
Go with me, will you / won't you ? 跟我走吧,好吗?
注意:Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you? 例如:
Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? 一起去听音乐,好吗?
Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? 你让我们在阅览室等你,好吗?
18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词.例如:
There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there? 你的表有问题,对不对?
There will not be any trouble, will there? 不会有麻烦吧,是吗?
19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式.例如:
It is impossible, isn't it? 这不可能,是吗?
He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? 他不会对他同学使坏,是吗?
20) must在表"推测"时,根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句.例如:
He must be there now, isn't he? 他现在肯定在那儿,是吧?
It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it? 明天肯定要下雨,是吗?