英语翻译奋战到一点,论文还遥遥无期,可怜我勉强才过六级的破英语实在是.让俺小女子后天顺利的交完论文吧.Risk segr

英语翻译
奋战到一点,论文还遥遥无期,可怜我勉强才过六级的破英语实在是.让俺小女子后天顺利的交完论文吧.
Risk segregation refers to insurer efforts to distinguish relatively high-risk from low-risk insureds and then to assign them to narrowly defined risk pools through the underwriting process.Risk segregation reduces the risk level in two separate ways.First,segregation can reduce statistical variance below that of a more broadly aggregated pool.Second,segregation can influence the level of the risky activity itself by setting the insurance premium to more closely reflect the risk which the activity adds to the pool.
Segregating high-from low-risk insureds can reduce risk variance and,thus,reduce the expected costs of insured injuries.The statistical basis for the effect is straightforward.Imagine two populations of insureds,one characterized by high-risk,the other by lowrisk,for which the risks within each population are independent.Risk pool variance is calculated by summing the squares of the differences between each pool element and the
pool mean.If the two populations are aggregated into a single pool,pool variance equals the sum of the squared differences between each high-risk and low-risk element and the mean of the combined pool.If,in contrast,the two populations are segregated into separate pools,the variance of each pool equals the sum of the squared differences between each element and the respective means of each segregated pool.It is straightforward that,to the extent of the difference between the means of the two pools,the summed variance of the two segregated pools will be less than the variance of the singleundifferentiated pool.Because segregation reduces variance,it reduces the risk level.
Segregating risks by risk level reduces risk variance in a manner very similar to reducing risks by aggregation.As described above,by aggregating independent risks into risk pools,the insurer increases predictive accuracy by exploiting the law of large numbers.Increasing predictive accuracy reduces the risk level of the pool,even if it does not affect in any way the frequency of losses that actually occur.Segregating risks into separate
pools according to risk levels serves a complementary function.Like aggregation,segregation according to risk level improves an insurer's ability to predict expected loss,making possible greater predictive accuracy.Again,this is what is meant by reducing risk variance.Thus,relative to broader and undifferentiated risk pools,segregation reduces both pool riskiness and total insurance costs (Crocker and Snow,1986).

风险隔离是指保险人的努力来区分相对较高,从低风险保险人风险,然后通过指定承销过程中他们狭义的风险池.降低风险隔离在两个不同的方式风险水平.首先,可以减少隔离以下的更广泛的统计汇总池差异.二,
隔离可以通过设置影响保费的冒险活动本身的水平,更密切地反映风险的活动增加了游泳池.
分离高从低风险保险人可以降低风险的差异,因此,减少伤害保险的预期成本.对于效果的统计基础非常简单.想象一下,两个被保险人群体,一个特点是高风险,由lowrisk,为此,每个人的风险是其他独立.
风险池方差的计算方法,总结每个池之间的元素和差的平方的
池的意思.如果这两个人口集中到一个单一的汇总,池方差等于彼此之间的高风险和低风险的因素和合并池意味着平方差.如果相反,这两个人口分成不同的池,
每个池方差等于每个元素之间和各专门拨出一批各自的手段平方差.它是直截了当的,以之间的两个水池的手段不同的程度上,总结了两个隔离池差额将低于该singleundifferentiated池差异.因为隔离减少差异,这降低了风险水平.
分离的风险水平的风险降低了风险差异的方式非常相似的聚合,以减少风险.如上所述通过聚合成独立的风险池风险,提高保险人通过利用大数法则预测的准确性.提高预测精度降低风险水平的游泳池,
即使它不以任何方式影响的损失,实际发生的频率.分离到单独的风险
根据危险程度池服务的补充作用.喜欢聚集,隔离根据风险程度提高保险公司的能力,预测预期损失,更大程度的预测的准确性.再次,这是什么是减少风险的差异的意思.因此,相对于更广泛和无差别的风险池,
隔离池的风险降低了,总保险费用（克罗克和雪,1986）.